Number of atoms are calculated using a number known as "Avogadro's number."
Okay, lets see a breakdown of this. Let's say that you are given an amount of grams of a substance. For this case, lets say that that substance is Carbon (C). And, lets assume that you are given 4.01 g of Carbon, and you are tasked to find the number of atoms in that mass of Carbon. The breakdown would be as follows, with dimensional anaysis:
4.01
g Carbon
(
1
mol Carbon
12.01
g Carbon
)
(
6.022
⋅
10
23
a
t
m
s
C
a
r
b
o
n
1
mol Carbon
)
=
2.01
⋅
10
23
atms Carbon
Basically, I first wrote down the amount in grams, and I used the molar mass of Carbon (which can be found on the periodic table under Carbon) 12.01 g/mol to convert 4.01 g of Carbon to moles of Carbon. Then, I used "Avogadro's Number", or
6.022
⋅
10
23
atoms per mole
to convert the mole amount to atoms of Carbon.
The process should be very similar with other such atoms, just make sure to keep your periodic table and calculator handy.
I hope that helps!
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In the KLMN electronic configuration style of writing K denotes the first shell which can hold up to two electrons, L denotes the second shell which can hold up to eight (2 + 6) or 8 electrons, M denotes the third shell which can hold up to eight (2 + 6 + 10) or 18 electrons etc.
The KLMN style of writing only indicates the number of electrons in each principal quantum number, however the spdf electronic configuration style of writing subdivides each shell into its subshells.
For instance the 3rd principal quantum number has s,p and d subshells, wherein s, p and d orbitals can have a maximum of 2, 6 and 10 electrons respectively.
Answer:
Explanation:
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