Answer:
Measurements are used to describe quantitatively real-life situations
Explanation:
Measurement refers to the act of assigning a number (with a unit) to a characteristic of an object or an event.
For example: when we want to measure the size of an object, we can use a rule to measure its length, and we assign a number with a unit for that quantity (for example, 5 cm). In this case, we have done a measurement.
Measurements are used by scientists in order to understand the natural worlds. In fact, without measurements it would be impossible to describe phenomena of the real world quantitatively: it would be only possible to describe them qualitatively, and therefore it would not be possible for instance to derive mathematical laws that describe those phenomena.
When the object is at rest, there is a zero net force due the cancellation of the object's weight <em>w</em> with the normal force <em>n</em> of the table pushing up on the object, so that by Newton's second law,
∑ <em>F</em> = <em>n</em> - <em>w</em> = 0 → <em>n</em> = <em>w</em> = <em>mg</em> = 112.5 N ≈ 113 N
where <em>m</em> = 12.5 kg and <em>g</em> = 9.80 m/s².
The minimum force <em>F</em> needed to overcome <u>maximum</u> static friction <em>f</em> and get the object moving is
<em>F</em> > <em>f</em> = 0.50 <em>n</em> = 61.25 N ≈ 61.3 N
which means a push of <em>F</em> = 15 N is not enough the get object moving and so it stays at rest in equilibrium. While the push is being done, the net force on the object is still zero, but now the horizontal push and static friction cancel each other.
So:
(a) Your free body diagram should show the object with 4 forces acting on it as described above. You have to draw it to scale, so whatever length you use for the normal force and weight vectors, the length of the push and static friction vectors should be about 61.3/112.5 ≈ 0.545 ≈ 54.5% as long.
(b) Friction has a magnitude of 15 N because it balances the pushing force.
(c) The object is in equilibrium and not moving, so the acceleration is zero.
