Answer:
11.8.4 Distillation Columns
Distillation columns present a hazard in that they contain large inventories of flammable boiling liquid, usually under pressure. There are a number of situations which may lead to loss of containment of this liquid.
The conditions of operation of the equipment associated with the distillation column, particularly the reboiler and bottoms pump, are severe, so that failure is more probable.
The reduction of hazard in distillation columns by the limitation of inventory has been discussed above. A distillation column has a large input of heat at the reboiler and a large output at the condenser. If cooling at the condenser is lost, the column may suffer overpressure. It is necessary to protect against this by higher pressure design, relief valves, or HIPS. On the other hand, loss of steam at the reboiler can cause underpressure in the column. On columns operating at or near atmospheric pressure, full vacuum design, vacuum breakers, or inert gas injection is needed for protection. Deposition of flammable materials on packing surfaces has led to many fires on opening of distillation column for maintenance.
Another hazard is overpressure due to heat radiation from fire. Again pressure relief devices are required to provide protection.
The protection of distillation columns is one of the topics treated in detail in codes for pressure relief such as APIRP 521. Likewise, it is one of the principal applications of trip systems.
Another quite different hazard in a distillation column is the ingress of water. The rapid expansion of the water as it flashes to steam can create very damaging overpressures.
Answer:
2.7 g/mL:)
An aluminum bar was found to have a mass of 27g. Using water displacement, the volume was measured to be 10 ml. What is the density of the aluminum? Group of answer choices (27 g)/(10 ml) (10 ml )/(2.70 g) (270 g)/(10 ml) (10 ml )/(27 g)
Los metales son materiales que se obtienen a partir de minerales que forman parte de las rocas. Por ejemplo, el metal hierro se extrae de minerales de hierro como la magnetita o la siderita.
7.91 g/ml is the density of the iron piece of 28.5 gms.
Explanation:
The density of a substance is defined as the volume it occupies. It tells the matter present in a substance.
The density is mass per unit volume and is denoted by p.
The formula for density is given by:
density (p) = 
Data given is :
mass= 28.5 grams
V1 = 45.5 ml
V2= 49.1 ml
The initial volume of water was 45.5 ml, when iron piece of 28.5 grams was added the final volume was 49.1 ml.
Putting the values in the equation of density
p = 
p = 7.91 g/ml
Since iron is a dense material it will occupy less volume
