4 mol / 205g H2O = 4/.205 = 19.5 mol/kg boiling point = 100 + 19.5 • 0.51 = 109 ºC
<span>All metals have similar properties BUT, there can be wide variations in melting point, boiling point, density, electrical conductivity and physical strength.<span>To explain the physical properties of metals like iron or sodium we need a more sophisticated picture than a simple particle model of atoms all lined up in close packed rows and layers, though this picture is correctly described as another example of a giant lattice held together by metallic bonding.</span><span>A giant metallic lattice – the <span>crystal lattice of metals consists of ions (NOT atoms) </span>surrounded by a 'sea of electrons' that form the giant lattice (2D diagram above right).</span><span>The outer electrons (–) from the original metal atoms are free to move around between the positive metal ions formed (+).</span><span>These 'free' or 'delocalised' electrons from the outer shell of the metal atoms are the 'electronic glue' holding the particles together.</span><span>There is a strong electrical force of attraction between these <span>free electrons </span>(mobile electrons or 'sea' of delocalised electrons)<span> (–)</span> and the 'immobile' positive metal ions (+) that form the giant lattice and this is the metallic bond. The attractive force acts in all directions.</span><span>Metallic bonding is not directional like covalent bonding, it is like ionic bonding in the sense that the force of attraction between the positive metal ions and the mobile electrons acts in every direction about the fixed (immobile) metal ions of the metal crystal lattice, but in ionic lattices none of the ions are mobile. a big difference between a metal bond and an ionic bond.</span><span>Metals can become weakened when repeatedly stressed and strained.<span><span>This can lead to faults developing in the metal structure called 'metal fatigue' or 'stress fractures'.</span><span>If the metal fatigue is significant it can lead to the collapse of a metal structure.</span></span></span></span>
The correct options are as follows:
1. A.
A synthesis reaction is a type of reaction in which two or more reactants combine together to form only one product. Synthesis reaction always release energy in form of light and heat, therefore, they are usually exothermic reactions. In the option given in A, nitrogen and nitrogen combine together to form ammonia; this is a synthesis reaction.
2. D
A radioactive half life refers to the amount of time it will take for half of an original radioactive isotope to decay.
In the question given above, the half life of the element is 1000. Thus, in 1000 years only half of the original amount will remain. In another 1000 years only 1/4 of the original amount will remain and in another 1000 years only 1/8 of the original amount will remain. Therefore, it will take 3 half lives before 1/8 of the original sample remain.<span />
Epsom salt is a compound.
