In the so called rain shadow effect we have interaction between all of the four major Earth spheres. When we have a coastal region where there's a high mountain range, the part of the mountain that is facing the sea will differ a lot from the part of the mountain that is on the other side. The water from the sea evaporates. The water vapor makes the air wet. The warm and wet air masses from the sea will come to the coastline, once they reach the mountain they will start to accumulate as they can not pass through it. As they accumulate rainfall appears. The rainfall contributes to a lush vegetation on this side of the mountain (windward side). The rain shadow effect appears on the leeward side of the mountain, and it mostly gets dry, strong, downward winds. These conditions result in drier climate, much less vegetation, and much increased erosion. Thus we can easily see that we have in this case interaction between the hydrosphere (the sea and the rainfall), the geosphere (the ground, soil, rocks), biosphere (the vegetation), and atmosphere (the winds, the clouds).
An independent variable is the variable that is changed or controlled in a experiment to test the effects on the dependent variable. A dependent variable is the variable being tested and measured. so like is math. the input variable is the independent variable. the output is the dependent variable because it depends on the input variables.
Lithium 6 would have 6 valence electrons in the outer orbital, while lithium 7 would have 7 in the outer orbital.
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The halogen bulb lasts longer because the filament lasts longer. It can have twice the life of an incandescent and use the same amount or slightly less (10%) electricity.
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