Answer:
The correct answer is c) opsonins
Explanation:
Opsonization is a process in which proteins like antibodies and complement proteins called opsonins bind to the antigens and get it recognized by the phagocyted which destroys the antigen.
Especially when bacteria is having external capsule than it becomes difficult for phagocytes to attach to the capsular surface as the recognition molecule like membrane carbohydrate of antigen is concealed by capsule.
So to encounter this, antibodies like IgG and complement proteins like C3b attaches to the antigen and get it recognized and opsonized by the phagocytes like macrophages. This opsonization causes the destruction of antigen by enzymatic lysis.
Answer:
The cell wall is a rigid non-living layer that is found outside the cell membrane and surrounds the cell
Explanation:
Answer:
An RNA single-stranded molecule that is complementary to one of a gene's DNA strands, to be precise.
Explanation:
DNA sequences or segments code for proteins or molecules with defined functions, called genes.
Greenhouse gas emissions will continue to increase in the short term, but as new technologies are discovered and implemented by governments and industries, this may eventually reverse. Global climate may continue to warm, but once greenhouse gas emissions are lowered, this may slowly reverse. Current solutions are not yet enough to stop the increase in temperature, but some technologies on the horizon are promising, such as carbon capture and storage, solar energy, and aquaculture of biofuels. One immediate way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is a change in lifestyle, for example, using less fuel-intensive transportation options and saving electricity.
