The carnot cycle attempts to model the most efficient possible process by avoiding irreversible processes.
In essence, the Carnot cycle is a reversible cycle made up of four other reversible processes. A reversible process is one that can be thought of as consisting of a sequence of equilibrium stages because it is carried out endlessly slowly.
Essentially, this means that any reversible cycle can be performed in reverse and that the amount of work or heat exchanged along the forward and backward pathways is the same.
It goes without saying that such reversible processes are not possible because they would take an unlimited amount of time. Therefore, the Carnot Engine is described as an idealized heat engine that uses the Carnot Cycle, a reversible cycle.
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The time taken to hit the ground is 3.9 s, the range is 18m and the final velocity is 42.82 m/s
<h3>
Motion Under Gravity</h3>
The motion of an object under gravity is the vertical motion of the object under the influence of acceleration due to gravity.
Given that a ball is thrown horizontally from the roof of a building 75 m tall with a speed of 4.6 m/s.
a. how much later does the ball hit the ground?
The time can be calculated by considering the vertical component of the motion with the use of formula below.
h = ut + 1/2gt²
Where
- Initial velocity u = 0 ( vertical velocity )
- Acceleration due to gravity g = 9.8 m/s²
Substitute all the parameters into the formula
75 = 0 + 1/2 × 9.8 × t²
75 = 4.9t²
t² = 75/4.9
t² = 15.30
t = √15.3
t = 3.9 s
b. how far from the building will it land?
The range can be found by using the formula
R = ut
Where u = 4.6 m/s ( horizontal velocity )
R = 4.6 × 3.9
R = 18 m
c. what is the velocity of the ball just before it hits the ground?
The final velocity will be
v = u + gt
v = 4.6 + 9.8 × 3.9
v = 4.6 + 38.22
v = 42.82 m/s
Therefore, the answers are 3.9 s, 18 m and 42.82 m/s
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Answer:
Young's modulus (Y) = 3.56×10^11 N/m^2
The speed of sound in tungsten = 6166.4 m/s
Explanation:
Young's modulus (Y) = stress/strain
Stress = force/area
Force = mg = 30×9.8 = 294 N
Area = 1.5 × 2.6 = 3.9 mm^2 = 3.9/10^6 = 3.9×10^-6 m^2
Stress = 294/3.9×10^-6 = 7.54×10^7 N/m^2
Strain = extension/length
Extension = 0.000594 m
Length = 2.8 m
Strain = 0.000594/2.8 = 2.12×10^-4
Y = 7.54×10^7/2.12×10^-4 = 3.56×10^11 N/m^2
Y = h × rho × g
rho = 18.7 g/cm^3 = 18.7 g/cm^3 × 1 kg/1000 g × (100 cm/1 m)^3 = 18,700 kg/m^3
h = 3.56×10^11/(18,700×9.8) = 1.94×10^6 m
From the equations of motion
v^2 = u^2 + 2gh =
Initial speed (u) = 0 m/s
v = sqrt (2×9.8×1.94×10^6)
v = 6166.4 m/s
The change in the state of matter causes change in the motion of the particles of the matter. The gaseous state of matter has the greatest speed while the solid state has the least speed.
The change in state of every matter is accompanied by lost or gained of energy.
Example is water.
The solid state of water is ice. The motion of particles of the water is relatively zero because the molecules are held at a fixed position.
The liquid state of water occurs when the temperature of the ice is increased above zero degree Celsius. The speed of the particles of water in liquid state is greater than solid state.
The gaseous state of water occurs when the temperature of the liquid water is increased beyond 100 degree Celsius. The speed of water in gaseous state is greater than liquid state.
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Answer:
chemical potential of a species is energy that can be absorbed or released due to a change of the particle number of the given species, e.g. in a chemical reaction or phase transition.
Explanation:
