<u>Answer:</u> The mass of cryolite produced is 51.48 kg
<u>Explanation:</u>
To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:
.....(1)
- <u>For aluminium oxide:</u>
Given mass of aluminium oxide = 12.5 kg = 12500 g (Conversion factor: 1 kg = 1000 g)
Molar mass of aluminium oxide = 101.96 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
![\text{Moles of aluminium oxide}=\frac{12500g}{101.96g/mol}=122.6mol](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Ctext%7BMoles%20of%20aluminium%20oxide%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B12500g%7D%7B101.96g%2Fmol%7D%3D122.6mol)
Given mass of NaOH = 55.4 kg = 55400 g
Molar mass of NaOH = 40 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
![\text{Moles of NaOH}=\frac{55400g}{40g/mol}=1389mol](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Ctext%7BMoles%20of%20NaOH%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B55400g%7D%7B40g%2Fmol%7D%3D1389mol)
Given mass of HF = 55.4 kg = 55400 g
Molar mass of HF = 20 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
![\text{Moles of HF}=\frac{55400g}{20g/mol}=2770mol](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Ctext%7BMoles%20of%20HF%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B55400g%7D%7B20g%2Fmol%7D%3D2770mol)
For the given chemical reaction:
![Al_2O_3(s)+6NaOH(l)+12HF(g)\rightarrow 2Na_3AlF_6+9H_2O(g)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Al_2O_3%28s%29%2B6NaOH%28l%29%2B12HF%28g%29%5Crightarrow%202Na_3AlF_6%2B9H_2O%28g%29)
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
1 mole of aluminium oxide reacts with 6 moles of sodium hydroxide and 12 moles of HF.
So, 122.6 moles of aluminium oxide will react with
of sodium hydroxide and
of HF
As, given amount of NaOH and HF is more than the required amount. So, they are considered as an excess reagent.
Thus, aluminium oxide is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product.
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
1 mole of aluminium oxide produces 2 moles of cryolite
So, 122.6 moles of aluminium oxide will produce =
of cryolite
Now, calculating the mass of cryolite by using equation 1:
Molar mass of cryolite = 209.94 g/mol
Moles of cryolite = 245.2 mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
![245.2mol=\frac{\text{Mass of cryolite}}{209.94g/mol}\\\\\text{Mass of cryolite}=(245.2mol\times 209.94g/mol)=51477.3g](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=245.2mol%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Ctext%7BMass%20of%20cryolite%7D%7D%7B209.94g%2Fmol%7D%5C%5C%5C%5C%5Ctext%7BMass%20of%20cryolite%7D%3D%28245.2mol%5Ctimes%20209.94g%2Fmol%29%3D51477.3g)
Converting this into kilograms, we use the conversion factor:
1 kg = 1000 g
So, ![51477.3 g\times (\frac{1kg}{1000g})=51.48kg](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=51477.3%20g%5Ctimes%20%28%5Cfrac%7B1kg%7D%7B1000g%7D%29%3D51.48kg)
Hence, the mass of cryolite produced is 51.48 kg