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Mademuasel [1]
2 years ago
11

Which of the following buffer systems would be the best choice to create a buffer with pH 9.10?

Chemistry
1 answer:
weqwewe [10]2 years ago
7 0

Answer:

a) NH3/NH4Cl (pKa = 9.25)

b) \frac{[Base]}{[Acid]} =0.708

c)

Explanation:

Hello,

a) In this case, for a buffering capacity, if we want to select the best buffer, we should ensure that the buffer's pKa approaches the desired pH, therefore, since the buffer NH3/NH4Cl has a pKa of 9.25 that is very close to the desired pH of 9.10, we can pick it as the best choice.

b) In this case, we use the Henderson-Hasselbach equation in order to compute the molar ratio:

pH=pKa+log(\frac{[Base]}{[Acid]} )\\\\log(\frac{[Base]}{[Acid]} )=9.10-9.25=-0.15\\\\\frac{[Base]}{[Acid]} =10^{-0.15}\\\\\frac{[Base]}{[Acid]} =0.708

c) Finally, for the ratio of masses, we use the molar mass of both ammonia as the base (17 g/mol) and ammonium chloride as the acid (53.45 g/mol) to compute it, assuming 1.00 L as the volume of the solution:

\frac{m_{Base}}{m_{Acid}} =0.708\frac{molBase}{molAcid}*\frac{17gBase}{1molBase}  *\frac{1molAcid}{53.45gAcid}\\ \\\frac{m_{Base}}{m_{Acid}} =0.225

Regards.

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Answer:

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Explanation:

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Americans spend up to $100 billion annually for bottled water (41 billion gallons). The only beverages with higher sales are car
grigory [225]

<u>Answer:</u> C) be hypertonic to Tank B.

<u>Explanation: </u>

<u> The ability of an extracellular solution to move water in or out of a cell by osmosis</u> is known as its tonicity. Additionally, the tonicity of a solution is related to its osmolarity, which is the <u>total concentration of all the solutes in the solution. </u>

Three terms (hypothonic, isotonic and hypertonic) are used <u>to compare the osmolarity of a solution with respect to the osmolarity of the liquid that is found after the membrane</u>.  When we use these terms, we only take into account solutes that can not cross the membrane, which in this case are minerals.

  1. If the liquid in tank A has a lower osmolarity (<u>lower concentration of solute</u>) than the liquid in tank B, the liquid in tank A would be hypotonic with respect to the latter.
  2. If the liquid in tank A has a greater osmolarity (<u>higher concentration of solute</u>) than the liquid in tank B, the liquid in tank A would be hypertonic with respect to the latter.
  3. If the liquid in tank A has the same osmolarity (<u>equal concentration of solute</u>) as the liquid in tank B, the liquid in tank A would be isotonic with respect to the latter.

In the case of the problem, option A is impossible because the minerals can not cross the membrane, since it is permeable to water only. There is no way that the concentration of minerals decreases in tank A, so <u>the solution in this tank can not be hypotonic with respect to the one in Tank B. </u>

Equally, both solutions can not be isotonic and neither we can say that the solution in tank A has more minerals that the one in tank B because the liquid present in tank B is purified water that should not have minerals. Therefore, <u>options B and D are also not correct.</u>

Finally, the correct option is C, since in the purification procedure the water is extracted from the solution in tank A to obtain a greater quantity of purified water in tank B. In this way, the solution in Tank A would be hypertonic to Tank B.

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Answer:

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