Everything starts from spectroscopy. Astronomers only have concentrated information at wavelengths that are emitted from the stars. What they do with this information is to obtain the frequency range of the stars and through spectroscopes they are responsible for dividing the radiation beams and determining the coincidence with the emission of those same waves, of chemical elements. From these observation techniques it is possible to obtain the composition and according to the color, obtaining characteristics such as temperature. The spectrum of stars consists of dark and bright lines called Fraunhofer lines. This spectrum is compared to the spectrum of different elements to find the composition of the stars. This is possible because the elements emit or absorb only specific wavelengths.
Explanation:
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S.G. or specific gravity is the ratio of the density of an object to a fluid. It also is the fraction of the object's volume that would be submerged if the object were placed in the fluid. (note: if S.G.>1, the object will sink)
S.G. = density(wood) / density(water)
2/3 = density(wood) / 1000
density(wood) = 2000/3 kg/m^3 = ~666.67 kg/m^3
S.G. = density(wood) / density(oil)
9/10 = 2000/3 / density(oil)
density(oil) = 2000/3 / 9/10 = 20000/27 kg/m^3 = ~740.74 kg/m^3
