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bulgar [2K]
3 years ago
5

A 0.1510 gram sample of a hydrocarbon produces 0.5008 gram CO2 and 0.1282 gram H2O in combustion analysis. Its

Chemistry
1 answer:
Over [174]3 years ago
4 0
In a combustion of a hydrocarbon compound, 2 reactions are happening per element:

C + O₂ → CO₂
2 H + 1/2 O₂ → H₂O

Thus, we can determine the amount of C and H from the masses of CO₂ and H₂O produced, respectively.

1.) Compute for the amount of C in the compound. The data you need to know are the following:
Molar mass of C = 12 g/mol
Molar mass of CO₂ = 44 g/mol
Solution:
0.5008 g CO₂*(1 mol CO₂/ 44 g)*(1 mol C/1 mol CO₂) = 0.01138 mol C
0.01138 mol C*(12 g/mol) = 0.13658 g C

Compute for the amount of H in the compound. The data you need to know are the following:
Molar mass of H = 1 g/mol
Molar mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol
Solution:
0.1282 g H₂O*(1 mol H₂O/ 18 g)*(2 mol H/1 mol H₂O) = 0.014244 mol H
0.014244 mol H*(1 g/mol) = 0.014244 g H

The percent composition of pure hydrocarbon would be:
Percent composition = (Mass of C + Mass of H)/(Mass of sample) * 100
Percent composition = (0.13658 g + 0.014244 g)/(<span>0.1510 g) * 100
</span>Percent composition = 99.88%

2. The empirical formula is determined by finding the ratio of the elements. From #1, the amounts of moles is:

Amount of C = 0.01138 mol
Amount of H = 0.014244 mol

Divide the least number between the two to each of their individual amounts:
C = 0.01138/0.01138 = 1
H = 0.014244/0.01138 = 1.25

The ratio should be a whole number. So, you multiple 4 to each of the ratios:
C = 1*4 = 4
H = 1.25*4 = 5

Thus, the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon is C₄H₅.

3. The molar mass of the empirical formula is

Molar mass = 4(12 g/mol) + 5(1 g/mol) = 53 g/mol
Divide this from the given molecular weight of 106 g/mol
106 g/mol / 53 g/mol = 2
Thus, you need to multiply 2 to the subscripts of the empirical formula.

Molecular Formula = C₈H₁₀

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Calcium chloride reacts with sodium hydroxide to form solid calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2. The balanced net ionic equation is
katen-ka-za [31]

Answer:

Ca²⁺ + 2 OH⁻ → Ca(OH)₂(s)

Explanation:

In chemistry, the net ionic equation is a way to write a chemical reaction whereas you write only the ions that are involved in the reaction.

When calcium chloride, CaCl₂ reacts with sodium hydroxide, NaOH to produce Ca(OH)₂ the only ions involved in the reaction are Ca²⁺ and OH⁻, thus, the balanced net ionic equation is:

<em>Ca²⁺ + 2 OH⁻ → Ca(OH)₂(s)</em>

<em>Cl⁻ and Na⁺ are not involved in the reaction and you don't have to write them.</em>

5 0
3 years ago
How do the reaction rates change as the system approaches equilibrium?
Leni [432]
It becomes more stable
delta G gets closer to zero
7 0
3 years ago
Consider the following reaction.Cr2O3(s) + 3CCl4(l) 2CrCl3(s) + 3COCl2(g). When the green solid is mixed with the colorless liq
Elena L [17]

Answer:

The answer to your question is: letter B

Explanation:

Reaction

                 Cr2O3(s)   +   3CCl4(l)   ⇒  2CrCl3(s)  +   3COCl2(g)

From the information given and the reaction, we can conclude that:

Green solid = Cr2O3 (s)     "s" means solid

Colorless liquid = CCl4 (l)    "l" means liquid   and is the other reactant

Purple solid = CrCl3(s)        CrCl3 is purple and "s" solid

Then, as a green specks remains it means that the excess reactant is Cr2O3, so, CCl4 is the limiting reactant.

6 0
3 years ago
What element has a total of 3 p-sublevel electrons?
den301095 [7]

Elements with three p-electrons....


That would be N, P, As, Sb, and Bi -- elements in group 15


For example, energy diagram showing "empty" orbitals up through the 3p.

.....3p __ __ __

3s __

.....2p __ __ __

2s __

1s __


Energy diagram of phosphorous showing three unpaired electrons in 3p-sublevel

.....3p ↑_ ↑_ ↑_

3s ↑↓

.....2p ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓

2s ↑↓

1s ↑↓


According to Hund's rule, the electrons singly occupy the p-orbitals, and all have the same spin.

8 0
3 years ago
Which scientist discovered that the atomic number, rather than the atomic weight, is more responsible for the properties of an e
myrzilka [38]

<em>Answer:</em>

  • The correct option is Moseley who has discovered the atomic number.

<em>Explanation:</em>

  • In 1913, H. Moseley discovered a new properties of an element atomic number. He observed that elements in the periodic table can be arranged better according to atomic number rather than atomic mass.
  • The atomic number of any elements is always equal to numbers of electrons in it.
3 0
3 years ago
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