1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
bulgar [2K]
3 years ago
5

A 0.1510 gram sample of a hydrocarbon produces 0.5008 gram CO2 and 0.1282 gram H2O in combustion analysis. Its

Chemistry
1 answer:
Over [174]3 years ago
4 0
In a combustion of a hydrocarbon compound, 2 reactions are happening per element:

C + O₂ → CO₂
2 H + 1/2 O₂ → H₂O

Thus, we can determine the amount of C and H from the masses of CO₂ and H₂O produced, respectively.

1.) Compute for the amount of C in the compound. The data you need to know are the following:
Molar mass of C = 12 g/mol
Molar mass of CO₂ = 44 g/mol
Solution:
0.5008 g CO₂*(1 mol CO₂/ 44 g)*(1 mol C/1 mol CO₂) = 0.01138 mol C
0.01138 mol C*(12 g/mol) = 0.13658 g C

Compute for the amount of H in the compound. The data you need to know are the following:
Molar mass of H = 1 g/mol
Molar mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol
Solution:
0.1282 g H₂O*(1 mol H₂O/ 18 g)*(2 mol H/1 mol H₂O) = 0.014244 mol H
0.014244 mol H*(1 g/mol) = 0.014244 g H

The percent composition of pure hydrocarbon would be:
Percent composition = (Mass of C + Mass of H)/(Mass of sample) * 100
Percent composition = (0.13658 g + 0.014244 g)/(<span>0.1510 g) * 100
</span>Percent composition = 99.88%

2. The empirical formula is determined by finding the ratio of the elements. From #1, the amounts of moles is:

Amount of C = 0.01138 mol
Amount of H = 0.014244 mol

Divide the least number between the two to each of their individual amounts:
C = 0.01138/0.01138 = 1
H = 0.014244/0.01138 = 1.25

The ratio should be a whole number. So, you multiple 4 to each of the ratios:
C = 1*4 = 4
H = 1.25*4 = 5

Thus, the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon is C₄H₅.

3. The molar mass of the empirical formula is

Molar mass = 4(12 g/mol) + 5(1 g/mol) = 53 g/mol
Divide this from the given molecular weight of 106 g/mol
106 g/mol / 53 g/mol = 2
Thus, you need to multiply 2 to the subscripts of the empirical formula.

Molecular Formula = C₈H₁₀

You might be interested in
Which elements on the periodic table fulfill the octet rule​
horsena [70]

Answer:

Noble Gases

Explanation:

The Noble Gases have a full valence shell of 8 electrons. They are stable in that sense.

8 0
3 years ago
Question 2
Thepotemich [5.8K]

Answer:

1-Pentene

Explanation:

If we look at all the options listed, we will notice that the rate of reaction of bromine with each one differs significantly.

For 1-pentene, addition of bromine across the double bond is a relatively fast process. It is usually used as a test for unsaturation. Bromine water is easily decolorized by alkenes.

Cyclohexane, heptane are alkanes. They can only react with chlorine in the presence of sunlight. This is a substitution reaction. It does not occur easily. A certain quantum of light is required for the reaction to occur.

For benzene, bromine can only react with it by electrophilic substitution in which the benzene ring is retained. A Lewis acid is often required for the reaction to occur and it doesn't occur easily.

3 0
2 years ago
Which best describes the importance of the microscope to the development of cell theory? Microscopes color different parts of ce
aliya0001 [1]
Cells are too small to see with the naked eye. 

It's pretty straight forward, use the cross-out method. 

1) Microscopes MAGNIFY images, they don't color the cells. In fact, scientists have to use these chemicals to "stain" or color the cells to see them more easily through microscopes. 

2) If the lenses of a microscope reduced the image of an organism to the size of a cell, you'd be seeing a very tiny human through your microscope, instead of actual cells. 

3) Microscopes don't "trap" anything. In fact, scientists use plates or slides under microscopes to contain what they're studying. 

8 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
How many molecules are contained in 125 grams of water, H20?
sergejj [24]
Answer:

18,01528

Explanation:
8 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Why is Dalton credited with proposing the first atomic theory if Democritus was talking about atoms almost 2,200 years earlier?
german
Democritus *suggested* the existence of the atom, that everything was made up of tiny particles, but wasn't really able to get more specific than that. Dalton also theorized that everything was made up of indivisible particles, but went further basing his theory on actual scientific principles, such as the Law of Conservation of Mass and the Law of Constant Composition. He also said that atoms weren't created or destroyed in a chemical reaction, just rearranged.  There's more to it than that, but basically, Dalton's theory was based more on science while Democritus' theory was too general to be useful in chemical situations.
4 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Other questions:
  • Someone plz help fast !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
    6·2 answers
  • A solution is made by dissolving 3.8 moles of sodium chloride (NaCl) in 185 grams of water. If the molal boiling point constant
    11·1 answer
  • Which elements properties form the basis for all life
    5·2 answers
  • If the chemical X-gal is added to nutrient agar, lactose fermenting colonies turn blue, while non-fermenting colonies appear whi
    7·1 answer
  • Look at the reaction below and state which direction the reaction would shift:
    12·1 answer
  • How many moles of H are present in 3 moles of carbon trihydride?
    14·1 answer
  • A chemical reactions is shown. How many different elements and total atoms are involved in the reaction?
    14·1 answer
  • If I mix two chemicals in a test tube and notice after a few seconds that there are ice crystals forming on the outside of the t
    6·1 answer
  • When does a cell grow in size
    15·2 answers
  • Can you store cuso4 in an aluminum container? explain your reasoning
    9·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!