Explanation:
Metals are the species which readily lose electrons in order to attain stability. This electron lost by the atom is actually present in its outermost shell which is also known as valence shell.
Ionization energy is defined as the energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from a neutral gaseous atom.
When we move across a period from left to right then there occurs a decrease in atomic size of the atoms. Therefore, ionization energy increases along a period.
But when we move down a group then there occurs an increase in atomic size of the atoms due to addition of number of electrons in the atoms. Hence, ionization energy decreases along a group.
Thus, we can conclude that metals have low ionization energies and readily share their valence or outer electrons with each other to form an electron sea. These electrons are delocalized or shared among all the atoms that are bonded together and can therefore move freely throughout the metal structure.
Answer:
solution:-a homogenous mixture of two or more substances in relative amounts that can be varied continuously up to what is called the limit of solubility.
solute:-is a substance, usually a solid, that is dissolved in a solution, which is usually a liquid.
solvent:-substance, ordinarily a liquid, in which other materials dissolve to form a solution.
polar molecule:-is a molecule in which one end of the molecule is slightly positive, while the other end is slightly negative.
Nonpolar molecules occur when electrons are shared equal between atoms of a diatomic molecule or when polar bonds in a larger molecule cancel each other out.
concentration refers to the amount of a substance in a defined space.
Explanation:
Answer:
They have different amounts of neutrons.
They have different mass numbers.
Explanation:
Carbon-12 and carbon-13 are two isotopes of the element carbon. The difference between carbon-12 and carbon-13 is the number of neutrons in each atom. Atoms of both isotopes of carbon contain 6 protons. Atoms of carbon-12 have 6 neutrons, while atoms of carbon-13 contain 7 neutrons. And because the mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus then will be different too. Atoms of carbon-12 have the mass number equal to 12 a.m.u. while atoms of carbon-13 have the mass number equal to 13 a.m.u. .
a.m.u. - atomic mass units
