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Answer:
6) Wave 1 travels in the positive x-direction, while wave 2 travels in the negative x-direction.
Explanation:
What matters is the part , the other parts of the equation don't affect time and space variations. We know that when the sign is - the wave propagates to the positive direction while when the sign is + the wave propagates to the negative direction, but <em>here is an explanation</em> of this:
For both cases, + and -, after a certain time (
), the displacement <em>y</em> of the wave will be determined by the
term. For simplicity, if we imagine we are looking at the origin (x=0), this will be simply
.
To know which side, right or left of the origin, would go through the origin after a time (and thus know the direction of propagation) we have to see how we can achieve that same displacement <em>y</em> not by a time variation but by a space variation
(we would be looking where in space is what we would have in the future in time). The term would be then
, which at the origin is
. This would mean that, when the original equation has
, we must have that
for
to be equal to
, and when the original equation has
, we must have that
for
to be equal to
<em>Note that their values don't matter, although they are a very small variation (we have to be careful since all this is inside a sin function), what matters is if they are positive or negative and as such what is possible or not .</em>
<em />
In conclusion, when , the part of the wave on the positive side (
) is the one that will go through the origin, so the wave is going in the negative direction, and viceversa.
We will make the comparison between each of the sizes against the known wavelengths.
In the case of the <em>hydrogen atom</em>, we know that this is equivalent to m on average, which corresponds to the wavelength corresponding to X-rays.
In the case of the <em>Virus</em> we know that it is oscillating in a size of 30nm to 200 nm, so the size of the virus is equivalent to the range of the wavelength of an ultraviolet ray.
In the case of <em>height</em>, it fluctuates in a person around to
m, which falls to the wavelength of a radio wave.