Answer:
The correct answer will be option- B and C.
Explanation:
The cellular respiration is the process of forming energy molecules through oxidation of food. The cellular respiration takes place in four stages: glycolysis, link reaction, Krebs cycle and electron transport chain.
The glycolysis converts the glucose molecules to form two molecules of pyruvate and two ATP molecules but the total number of molecules formed in cellular respiration is between 36-38 ATP molecules. The electron flow takes place in the electron transport chain which helps in the generation of the proton motive force used to produce ATP molecules.
Thus, Option-B and C is the correct answer.
Answer:
because they have thicker walls
Explanation:
blood is punped our of the heart very fast which means it would need a blood vessel witch thick walls to withstand the pressure. thin walls would cause the blood vessle damage and may evwn break as it wouldn't be able to withstans the pressure.
<span>The cell has 1% concentration of the salt. The external environment is highly concentrated with 25% saline solution. This will lead to release of water outside the cell, by passive diffusion from a region of high conentration of solvent to lower concentration. Thus, the cell will shrink.</span>
Answer:
Bridgham et al. (2006) showed that the interaction between a steroid hormone (aldosterone-M) and its receptor (mineralocorticoid) evolved by Darwinian gradualism. In this work, the authors demonstrated a primitive affinity between the hormone and its receptor that was initially present in chemically similar but more ancient ligands. This result has implications in understanding the association between gene duplication and the evolution of hormone signaling pathways. For example, in invertebrates, this work reinforces the importance of gene duplication in the existing interaction between paralogous glucocorticoid receptors and their receptor mineralocorticoid genes that were derived from duplication (Thornton 2001).
The publications above cited are the following:
J.T. Bridgham, S.M. Carroll, and J.W. Thornton (2006). Evolution of hormone-receptor complexity by molecular exploitation. Science, 312(5770), 97-101.
JW Thornton. Evolution of vertebrate steroid receptors from an ancestral estrogen receptor by ligand exploitation and serial genome expansions, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (PNAS), 2001, vol. 98 10 (pg. 5671-5676).
all the thymine pairs with adenine, therefore there is the same number of adenine and thymine bases and the same percentage
so we have 28%thymine and 28% adenine
100-28-28=44% left
this 44% is guanine and cytosine. All of the guanine pairs with cytosine and all of the cytosine pairs with guanine so we have 44/2=22% cytosine and guanine
composition:
28%adenine
28%thymine
22%guanine
22%cytosine
