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3 years ago

Arrange the non-covalent interactions in order of strength

Chemistry

2 answers:

Oksana_A [137]3 years ago

7 0

Answer:

Ion-Ion interactions > Hydrogen bonds > Dipole-dipole interactions > Dispersion forces.

Explanation:

Hydrogen bonds are weaker in comparison to ion-ion interactions. This is due to the fact that hydrogen bonds are produced due to electronegativity and the bonding pair of the electron does not get inside the atom shell. On the other hand, the transfer of electrons occurs in ionic bonds, that is, the exchange of electrons occurs in ion-ion interactions.

Dipole-dipole interactions are weaker in comparison to hydrogen bonds. The dipole-dipole interactions prevail when partial negative charge arises on one polar molecule and a partial positive charge on another one. This attraction is only because of the existence of opposite charges on the polar molecule. These are, therefore, weaker interactions in comparison to hydrogen bonds.

Dispersion forces are weaker in comparison to dipole-dipole interactions. The dispersion forces are the weakest forces as they are temporary attractive forces. It is a result of the formation of temporary dipoles. Thus, these are weaker in comparison to dipole-dipole interactions.

Ray Of Light [21]3 years ago

3 0

Weakest : dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding, ion-ion interactions : Strongest.

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Now, Johnny the pool guy must add enough Na2CO3 to get the pH back up to 7.60. How many grams of Na2CO3 does Johnny need to add

vaieri [72.5K]

Answer:

m = 3.4126 g

Explanation:

First, the question is incomplete but I already put in the comments the rest of the question.

Let's solve the first two questions, and then the actual question you are asking here to give you a better explanation of how to do it.

1) We need the volume of the pool, in this case is easy. Assuming the pool is rectangular, we use the volume of a parallelepiped which is the following:

V = h * d * w

We have the data, but first we will convert the feet to centimeter. This is because is easier to work the volume in cm³ than in feet.

So the height, width and depth of the pool in centimeter are:

h = 32 * 30.48 = 975.36 cm

w = 18 * 30.48 = 548.64 cm

d = 5.3 * 30.48 = 161.54 cm

Now the volume:

V = 975.36 * 548.64 * 161.54

V = 86,443,528.79 cm³ or 86,443,528.79 mL or 86,443.5 L

2) If the pool has a pH of 6.4, the concentration of H+ can be calculated with the following expression:

[H+] = antlog(-pH) or 10^(-pH)

Replacing we have:

[H+] = 10^(-6.4)

[H+] = 3.98x10^-7 M

3) Finally the question you are asking for.

According to the reaction:

Na2CO3 + H+ → 2Na+ + HCO3−

We can see that there is ratio of 1:1 between the H+ and the Na2CO3, so, if we have initially a concentration of 3.98x10^-7 M, the difference between the new concentration of H+ and the innitial, will give the concentration to be added to the pool to raise the pH. Then, with the molecular weight of Na2CO3 (105.98 g/mol) we can know the mass needed.

The new concentration of [H+] is:

[H+] = 10^(-7.6) = 2.58x10^-8 M

The difference of both [H+] will give concentration of Na2CO3 used:

3.98x10^-7 - 2.58x10^-8 = 3.73x10^-7 M

The moles:

moles = 3.73x10^-7 * 86,443.5 = 0.0322 moles

Finally the mass:

m = 0.0322 * 105.98

m = 3.4126 g

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</span> $\boxed{\frac{3}{4}}$

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