Answer:
Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Belize
Answer:
6+9=15
mass number =15
mass number = no. protons + no. of neutrons
Answer:
- <em>sp³ hydbridization</em> is the formation of 4 equal hybrid orbtials (same characteristcs) by the hybridization ("mixture") of two different kind of orbitals: 1 type s orbtial and 3 type p orbitals.
Explanation:
This hybridization is the result of the rearragement of the valence electrons that originally are in s and p orbitals, forming the new hybrid orbitals (sp³).
This is easily explained with carbon atom.
- Carbon has atomic number 6, hence it has 6 electrons.
- Thus, the electron configuration of carbon is: 1 s² 2s² 2p².
- So, there are four valence electrons that are in the 2s and 2p orbitals.
- The hybridization consists in that the four valence electons, instead of remain in two different energy levels (s and p) will form 4 orbitals, named sp³, each with the same energy.
- In summary the four electrons originally distributed as 2s² 2p² will be located as 2 sp³.
<h3><u>Answer;</u></h3>
<em>All the above</em>
Workers at construction sites often reduce erosion by;
- <em>Moving excess sediment back to its original location
</em>
- <em>Planting trees
</em>
- <em>Spraying water on bare soil</em>
<h3><u>Explanation;</u></h3>
- Soil erosion is a naturally occurring process which involves the wearing away of the topsoil by natural forces such as wind, water or other forces associated with farming.
- <em><u>Construction of roads and buildings results to large amounts of soil erosion around the world. It is therefore important to put measures that would help reduce soil erosion at construction sites</u></em>. These measures uses principals of soil control such as implementing sediment control, limiting soil exposure, reducing the runoff velocity, and modifying topography among others.
In chemistry, a valence electron is an outer shell electron that is associated with an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond if the outer shell is not closed; in a single covalent bond, both atoms in the bond contribute one valence electron in order to form a shared pair.