Question

How many electrons should we expect to see associated with the lowest energy peak in the photolectron spectrum of the element gallium (ga)?

Answer 1

Only one electron is associated with the lowest energy peak in gallium photoelectron spectrum.

Further explanation:

Photoelectron spectroscopy:

The photoelectron spectroscopy is a spectroscopy that is used to determine the electronic configuration of the elements.

In other words, this method is very helpful in identifying the electronic structure of the atom.

In this method, sample of atoms is exposed under the high energy radiation such as UV or X-rays. This bombardment of high energy rays causes the ejection of various electrons. Then photoelectron spectrometer measures the number of electrons ejected and their kinetic energy.

For example, Ground state configuration of lithium is $1{s^2}2{s^1}$ . This shows two peaks in photoelectron spectrum. These two peaks representing two subshells of lithium atom. The first peak is related to the 1 electron with lower binding energy while the second peak is related to the two electrons with higher binding energy.

The atomic number of gallium is 31 thus, the ground state of the electronic configuration of gallium (Ga) is $\left[{{\mathbf{Ar}}}\right]{\mathbf{3}}{{\mathbf{d}}^{{\mathbf{10}}}}{\mathbf{4}}{{\mathbf{s}}^{\mathbf{2}}}{\mathbf{4}}{{\mathbf{p}}^{\mathbf{1}}}$ .

Since the lowest energy peak is related to the lowest binding energy, and 4p electrons have lowest binding energy. Therefore, only one electron is associated with the lowest energy peak in gallium photoelectron spectrum.

Learn more:

1. The neutral element represented by the excited state electronic configuration: brainly.com/question/9616334

2. Number of covalent bond formed by carbon: brainly.com/question/5974553

Answer details:

Grade: Senior school

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Photoelectron spectroscopy

Keywords: Photoelectron, spectroscopy, photoelectron spectrum, lithium, lowest energy peak, element, electrons and electronic configuration of gallium.

Answer 2

The lowest energy peak for Gallium will be associated with one electron. This is because the configuration of Gallium is:
[Ar], 3d¹⁰, 4s², 4p¹
The one unpaired electron in the 4p orbital is at lower energy than the pair in the 4s orbital. Therefore, it will be released easily via the photoelectric effect.