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dlinn [17]
2 years ago
12

A beam of protons is moving toward a target in a particle accelerator. This beam constitutes a current whose value is. (a) How m

any protons strike the target in 12 seconds? (b) Each proton has a kinetic energy of J. Suppose the target is a 18-gram block of metal whose specific heat capacity is , and all the kinetic energy of the protons goes into heating it up. What is the change in temperature of the block at the end of s?
Physics
1 answer:
Gelneren [198K]2 years ago
5 0

Answer:

a. 5 × 10¹⁹ protons b. 2.05 × 10⁷ °C

Explanation:

Here is the complete question

A beam of protons is moving toward a target in a particle accelerator. This beam constitutes a current whose value is 0.42 A. (a) How many protons strike the target in 19 seconds? (b) Each proton has a kinetic energy of 6.0 x 10-12 J. Suppose the target is a 17-gram block of metal whose specific heat capacity is 860 J/(kg Co), and all the kinetic energy of the protons goes into heating it up. What is the change in temperature of the block at the end of 19 s?

Solution

a.

i = Q/t = ne/t

n = it/e where i = current = 0.42 A, n = number of protons, e = proton charge = 1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ C and t = time = 19 s

So n = 0.42 A × 19 s/1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ C

       = 4.98 × 10¹⁹ protons

       ≅ 5 × 10¹⁹ protons

b

The total kinetic energy of the protons = heat change of target

total kinetic energy of the protons = n × kinetic energy per proton

                                                         = 5 × 10¹⁹ protons × 6.0 × 10⁻¹² J per proton

                                                         = 30 × 10⁷ J

heat change of target = Q = mcΔT ⇒ ΔT = Q/mc where m = mass of block = 17 g = 0.017 kg and c = specific heat capacity = 860 J/(kg °C)

ΔT = Q/mc = 30 × 10⁷ J/0.017 kg × 860 J/(kg °C)

     = 30 × 10⁷/14.62

     = 2.05 × 10⁷ °C

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<h3>Definition of velocity</h3>

Velocity is a physical magnitude that relates the displacement of an object, the time it takes to make this change in position and direction. So it is considered a vector magnitude.

In other words, the velocity can be defined as the amount of space traveled per unit of time with which a body moves, considering the direction, and can be calculated using the expression:

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<h3>Average velocity of Clara</h3>

Clara rushes 30 m to a truck then turns and walks back. Total travel is 120s. Then, you know:

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Replacing in the definition of velocity:

velocity= 60 m÷ 120 s

Solving:

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Finally, Clara's average velocity is 0.5 m/s.

Learn more about velocity:

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