A cathode is the location in an electrolytic cell where reduction reactions take place.
An anode is the location in an electrolytic cell where oxidation reactions occur.
An electrolyte solution is any substance containing free ions that make the substance electrically conductive.
<span>An external electrical energy source like a battery or a transformer is used to drive the non-spontaneous reaction.</span>
This question seems to be an essay question from experiment. Different solution of oxidizing agent will have different strength. Sulfuric acid or H2SO4 is weaker oxidizing agent when compared to nitric acid (HNO3). In this case, if you subtitute the H2SO4 you wouldn't be able to get the same result for the experiment.
Answer:
Here's what I get
Explanation:
You may have done a Williamson synthesis of guaifenesin by reacting guaiacol with 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol.
A. Mechanism
Step 1
NaOH converts guaiacol into a phenoxide ion.
Step 2
The phenoxide acts as the nucleophile in an SN2 reaction to displace the Cl from the alkyl halide.
B. Improve the yield
You probably carried out the reaction in ethanol solution — a polar protic solvent.
You might try doing the reaction in a polar aprotic solvent— perhaps DMSO.
A polar aprotic solvent does not hydrogen bond to nucleophiles, so they become stronger.
C. Another method of ether synthesis —dehydration of alcohols
Sulfuric acid catalyzes the conversion of primary alcohols to ethers.
This is also a nucleophilic displacement reaction.
Protonation of the OH converts it into a better leaving group.
Attack by a second molecule of alcohol forms the protonated ether.
A molecule of water then removes the proton.
Decomposition reaction D. 2H20⇒ 2H2 + O2
<h3>Further explanation
</h3>
Every chemical reaction involves a compound consisting of reactants and products
Reactants are compounds that react and form new compounds called products
There are several forms of reactions that can occur, including single replacement, double replacement, synthesis, decomposition, etc.
A. 2C2H6 + 702 ⇒ 4CO2 + 6H20
Combustion : reaction of Hydrocarbon and Oxygen
B. AgNO3 + LiCl → AgCl + LINO3
Double replacement : there is an ion exchange between two ion compounds in the reactant to form two new ion compounds in the product
C. Ca + MgS → CaS + Mg
Single replacement :one element replaces the other elements of a compound to produce new elements and compounds
D. 2H20⇒ 2H2 + O2
Decomposition : One compound breaks down into 2 components
Answer is: carbon.
<span>During gamma emission the nucleus emits radiation without
changing its composition, if for example have nucleus with six
protons and six neutrons (carbon atom) and after gamma decay there
is nucleus with six protons and six neutrons.
Gamma rays are the electromagnetic waves with
the shortest wavelengths (1 pm), highest frequencies (300 EHz) and
highest energy (1,24 MeV).</span>