The circulatory or cardiovascular system's ability to deliver oxygen throughout the body depends on proper functioning of the respiratory system. The interactions between the cardiovascular and respiratory systems are best demonstrated by following the path of a red blood cell starting in the heart and traveling through the lungs.
A red blood cell that has just returned from delivering oxygen and that has brought back carbon dioxide would be in the right upper chamber of the heart or in the right atrium. When the atrium contracts, the cell is pumped into the right lower chamber of the heart, or the right ventricle. When that ventricle contracts, the red blood cell is pumped out of the heart through the pulmonary artery to the lungs.
In the lungs, the red blood cell enters tiny blood vessels that come into close contact with the walls of the alveoli air sacs of the lungs. The carbon dioxide in the red blood cell passes through the walls into the alveoli while the oxygen in the alveoli air passes into the red blood cell. The red blood cell then returns to the heart via the pulmonary vein.
From the pulmonary vein, the red blood cell enters the left atrium of the heart and then the left ventricle. The part of the heart muscle powering the left ventricle is very strong because it has to push the blood out to the whole body. The red blood cell is pumped out of the left ventricle via the aorta artery and eventually reaches the capillaries leading to the individual cells. There the cells absorb the oxygen from the red blood cell and pass on their waste carbon dioxide. The red blood cell returns to the right atrium of the heart via the veins to complete the cycle.
These circulatory and respiratory system interactions are ones that humans and higher animals such as mammals and birds share and that represent one of the basic functions of their bodies. Only when these two systems work and interact properly can the human or animal carry out other functions such as looking for food or reproducing.
The two main points from Darwin's theory of evolution is that 1) most, if not all living organisms evolved from one or just a few common ancestors and that subsequent specialization of further generations then led to new species. Furthermore, he said that 2) the process how this was done was by natural selection where the organisms which were most adapted to their environment were successfully 'remembered in the gene pool'.
When insulin is deficient , GLUT4 transporters are not inserted into the cell membranes , glucose is not transported into the cells and the blood glucose concentration increases.
Insulin deficiency provides more amino acid and glycerol substrates for glucose synthesis ie increased gluconeogenesis .
With a deficiency of insulin, there is both increased hepatic glucose production through increased glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis as well as decreased glucose use. The result is hyperglycemia.
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The complete question is:
a bacterium is infected with an experimentally constructed bacteriophage composed of the T2 phage protein coat and T4 phage DNA. The new phages produced would have
A) T2 protein and T4 DNA
B) T2 protein and T2 DNA
C) a mixture of DNA and proteins of both phages.
D) T4 protein and T4 DNA
E) T4 protein and T2 DNA
A bacterium infected with an experimentally constructed bacteriophage will give new phages with the virus' DNA and the type of proteins that this DNA encodes.
A bacteriophage is a virus that attaches itself to a bacteria and uses it to replicate itself. Viruses have two main parts, a protein coat and their DNA inside it.
- The experimentally constructed bacteriophage has one type of protein that makes the coat, the T2. This type of protein will allow the virus to attach and infect the bacteria.
- Once the virus attaches itself to the bacteria, it will introduce its DNA, T4 type, and use the bacteria elements to replicate it and create new phages.
- As a result, the new phages will have T4 DNA, and the proteins that the virus synthesizes will be the same type as the DNA.
In conclusion, The new phages produced would have D) T4 protein and T4 DNA.
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Answer:
Molecules always move from inside of the cell to outside if the cell
