Question

The relationship between heat (q), work (w), and internal energy (U) can be described with which of the following?a. q = ΔU × wb. ΔU = qwc. w = ΔUqd. ΔU = q + w

Answer 1

Answer:

d. ΔU = q + w

Explanation:

Internal energy is the sum of kinetic energy (which comes from motion of molecules) and potential energy ( which comes from chemical bonds between atoms and other intermolecular forces that maybe present).

First law of thermodynamics states that: "the change in internal energy of a closed system is equal to the energy added to it in form of  heat(q) and work (w) done on the system by the surroundings.

Mathematically written as:

$E_{internal}$ = q + w

Conventionally, the first law is based on the system doing work and the surrounding doing work.

$E_{internal}$ can also be written as ΔU.

Therefore $E_{internal}$ = ΔU = q + w

ΔU = q + w