The answer is A. Force is equal to mass x acceleration. The acceleration due to gravity is a constant so multiplying the mass by 2 would double the force.
I believe it is D. Earth spinning on it's axis.
Find the force that would be required in the absence of friction first, then calculate the force of friction and add them together. This is done because the friction force is going to have to be compensated for. We will need that much more force than we otherwise would to achieve the desired acceleration:

The friction force will be given by the normal force times the coefficient of friction. Here the normal force is just its weight, mg

Now the total force required is:
0.0702N+0.803N=0.873N
Just divide the two numbers with each other.
I mean 13/1.4=9.2857...
Answer:

Explanation:
When the unpolarized light passes through the first polarizer, only the component of the light parallel to the axis of the polarizer passes through.
Therefore, after the first polarizer, the intensity of light passing through it is halved, so the intensity after the first polarizer is:

Then, the light passes through the second polarizer. In this case, the intensity of the light passing through the 2nd polarizer is given by Malus' law:

where
is the angle between the axes of the two polarizer
Here we have

So the intensity after the 2nd polarizer is

And substituting the expression for I1, we find:
