Three complete orders on each side of the m=0 order can be produced in addition to the m = 0 order.
The ruling separation is
d=1 / (470mm −1) = 2.1×10⁻³ mm
Diffraction lines occur at angles θ such that dsinθ=mλ, where λ is the wavelength and m is an integer.
Notice that for a given order, the line associated with a long wavelength is produced at a greater angle than the line associated with a shorter wavelength.
We take λ to be the longest wavelength in the visible spectrum (538nm) and find the greatest integer value of m such that θ is less than 90°.
That is, find the greatest integer value of m for which mλ<d.
since d / λ = 538×10⁻⁹m / 2.1×10 −6 m ≈ 3
that value is m=3.
There are three complete orders on each side of the m=0 order.
The second and third orders overlap.
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Answer:
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Explanation:
Answer: The heat of reaction (ΔHrxn) for the reaction is -164.9kJ
Explanation:
The given balanced chemical reaction is,

To calculate the enthalpy of reaction
.

![\Delta H^o=[n_{CaCl_2}\times \Delta H_f^0_{(CaCl_2)}+n_{CO_2}\times \Delta H_f^0_{(CO_2)}+n_{H_2O}\times \Delta H_f^0_{(H_2O)}]-[n_{CaCO_3}\times \Delta H_f^0_{(CaCO_3)+n_{HCl}\times \Delta H_f^0_{(HCl)}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5CDelta%20H%5Eo%3D%5Bn_%7BCaCl_2%7D%5Ctimes%20%5CDelta%20H_f%5E0_%7B%28CaCl_2%29%7D%2Bn_%7BCO_2%7D%5Ctimes%20%5CDelta%20H_f%5E0_%7B%28CO_2%29%7D%2Bn_%7BH_2O%7D%5Ctimes%20%5CDelta%20H_f%5E0_%7B%28H_2O%29%7D%5D-%5Bn_%7BCaCO_3%7D%5Ctimes%20%5CDelta%20H_f%5E0_%7B%28CaCO_3%29%2Bn_%7BHCl%7D%5Ctimes%20%5CDelta%20H_f%5E0_%7B%28HCl%29%7D%5D)
where,

Putting values in above equation, we get:
![\Delta H^o_{rxn}=[(1\times -877.1)+(1\times -393.51)+(1\times -285.8)]-[(1\times -1206.9)+(2\times -92.30)]=-164.9kJ](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5CDelta%20H%5Eo_%7Brxn%7D%3D%5B%281%5Ctimes%20-877.1%29%2B%281%5Ctimes%20-393.51%29%2B%281%5Ctimes%20-285.8%29%5D-%5B%281%5Ctimes%20-1206.9%29%2B%282%5Ctimes%20-92.30%29%5D%3D-164.9kJ)
Therefore the heat of reaction (ΔHrxn) for the reaction is -164.9kJ
Answer:
The strength of a bond depends on the amount of overlap between the two orbitals of the bonding atoms
Orbitals bond in the directions in which they protrude or point to obtain maximum overlap
Explanation:
The valence bond theory was proposed by Linus Pauling. Compounds are firmed by overlap of atomic orbitals to attain a favourable overlap integral. The better the overlap integral (extent of overlap) the better or stringer the covalent bond.
Orbitals overlap in directions which ensure a maximum overlap of atomic orbitals in the covalent bond.