We are given the following equation:
y = y0 e^-0.0001216 t
where y = 1/5 y0, y0 is the original amount
So solving for time t:
1/5 y0= y0 e^-0.0001216 t
t = 13,235.51 years
So the human died about 13235.5 years ago
An element with 8 valence electrons is Neon (Ne).
Ps: Any element under group 18 has 8 valence electrons except for Helium (He).
Protons identity the element because the number of protons gives us the atomic number of each element