Answer:
Gene expression is a strictly controlled process that allows a cell to respond to changes in its surroundings. It serves as an on/off switch for controlling when proteins are created as well as a volume control for increasing or decreasing the amount of proteins produced.
An undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organism which is capable of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same type, and from which certain other kinds of cell arise by differentiation.
They are paired, placed in launae and have canaliculi to receive and send nutritive materials to matrix.
Answer:
OH, H2O2 and O−2
Explanation:
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be defined as highly reactive chemical compounds formed from molecular oxygen (O2). ROS are generated as a normal product of cellular metabolism, and also as a response to different environmental/internal cellular stimuli (e.g., cytokines, xenobiotics, pathogenic invasion). For example, hydroxyl radicals (·OH) are a type of ROS generated in the mitochondria which are capable of inducing oxidative stress in different cells and also trigger chronic inflammation. Moreover, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) molecules represent another type of ROS which are produced during the stereoselective deamination of amino acids, i.e., the building blocks of proteins. These molecules (H2O2) exhibit toxic effects on the cell (e.g., DNA damage). Finally, singlet oxygen (1O2) is an excited state of molecular oxygen (O2) that is generated during photosynthesis in the photosystem II (PSII) of chloroplasts.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
A system is at equilibrium when the rates of opposing reactions are equal.
Answer A does not show the rate of reactions, it only shows concentrations of reactants.
Answer B only shows constants, it does not show rates of reactions.
