Explain how the cathode Ray was discovered?

1 answer:

8 0

Cathode rays carry electronic currents through the tube. Electrons were firstdiscovered as the constituents ofcathode rays. J.J. Thomson used thecathode ray tube to determine that atoms had small negatively charged particles inside of them, which he called “electrons.”

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The reaction between carbon tetrachloride, CCl4, and water, H2O, to form carbon dioxide, CO2, and hydrogen chloride, HCl, has a

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1) a) It is a slow reaction kinetically.

2) a) It is a catalyst.

3) c) It lowered the activation energy of the reaction.

Explanation:

1) The reaction between carbon tetrachloride, CCl₄, and water, H₂O, to form carbon dioxide, CO₂, and hydrogen chloride, HCl, has a ΔG° value of -232 kJ/mole, and so is thermodynamically favored. But when you mix carbon tetrachloride with water, no change is observed. What is a possible explanation for this?

a) It is a slow reaction kinetically. TRUE. This is the most likely explanation of why no change is observed.

b) The activation energy of the reaction is too small. FALSE. Slow reactions have a large activation energy.

c) The reaction is not spontaneous. FALSE. ΔG° < 0 so the reaction is spontaneous.

d)The reaction is not favored thermodynamically. FALSE. ΔG° < 0 so the reaction is favored thermodynamically.

2) What word best describes the role that the palladium plays in the reaction between propene and hydrogen above?

It is a catalyst because it increases the rate of the reaction without being altered by the end of the reaction.

3) What did the palladium do to increase the rate of the reaction between the propene and hydrogen?

a)It changed the thermodynamic equilibrium. FALSE. Catalysts don't affect equilibrium

b)It made the Gibbs free energy of the reaction more positive. FALSE. Catalysts don't affect Gibbs free energy.

c)It lowered the activation energy of the reaction. TRUE. According to the Arrhenius equation, the lower the activation energy, the higher the rate constant, and the higher the rate of reaction. This is how catalysts act.

d)It increased the activation energy of the reaction. FALSE.

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