Answer:
a) 98.522
b) 0.881
c) The correlation coefficient and co-variance shows that there is positive association between marks and study time. The correlation coefficient suggest that there is strong positive association between marks and study time.
Step-by-step explanation:
a.
As the mentioned in the given instruction the co-variance is first computed in excel by using only add/Sum, subtract, multiply, divide functions.
Marks y Time spent x y-ybar x-xbar (y-ybar)(x-xbar)
77 40 5.1 1.3 6.63
63 42 -8.9 3.3 -29.37
79 37 7.1 -1.7 -12.07
86 47 14.1 8.3 117.03
51 25 -20.9 -13.7 286.33
78 44 6.1 5.3 32.33
83 41 11.1 2.3 25.53
90 48 18.1 9.3 168.33
65 35 -6.9 -3.7 25.53
47 28 -24.9 -10.7 266.43
![Covariance=\frac{sum[(y-ybar)(x-xbar)]}{n-1}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Covariance%3D%5Cfrac%7Bsum%5B%28y-ybar%29%28x-xbar%29%5D%7D%7Bn-1%7D)
Co-variance=886.7/(10-1)
Co-variance=886.7/9
Co-variance=98.5222
The co-variance computed using excel function COVARIANCE.S(B1:B11,A1:A11) where B1:B11 contains Time x column and A1:A11 contains Marks y column. The resulted co-variance is 98.52222.
b)
The correlation coefficient is computed as
![Correlation coefficient=r=\frac{sum[(y-ybar)(x-xbar)]}{\sqrt{sum[(x-xbar)]^2sum[(y-ybar)]^2} }](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Correlation%20coefficient%3Dr%3D%5Cfrac%7Bsum%5B%28y-ybar%29%28x-xbar%29%5D%7D%7B%5Csqrt%7Bsum%5B%28x-xbar%29%5D%5E2sum%5B%28y-ybar%29%5D%5E2%7D%20%7D)
(y-ybar)^2 (x-xbar)^2
26.01 1.69
79.21 10.89
50.41 2.89
198.81 68.89
436.81 187.69
37.21 28.09
123.21 5.29
327.61 86.49
47.61 13.69
620.01 114.49
sum(y-ybar)^2=1946.9
sum(x-xbar)^2=520.1




The correlation coefficient computed using excel function CORREL(A1:A11,B1:B11) where B1:B11 contains Time x column and A1:A11 contains Marks y column. The resulted correlation coefficient is 0.881.
c)
The correlation coefficient and co-variance shows that there is positive association between marks and study time. The correlation coefficient suggest that there is strong positive association between marks and study time. It means that as the study time increases the marks of student also increases and if the study time decreases the marks of student also decreases.
The excel file is attached on which all the related work is done.
It has a constant rate of change
<span>204
First, lookup a standard normal table and see what the z-score is for 0.025 (one half of 100% - 95%) to allow for equal sized tails. You should find that the z-score is 1.96. That means that 95% of the time, the value should be within 1.96 standard deviations of the mean. Now let's calculate the standard deviation.
800 is 800 - 1200 = -400 to the left of the mean of 1200.
1600 is 1600 - 1200 = 400 to the right of the mean of 1200.
So we are an equal distance of 400 on both sides of the mean. And we know from the z-score of 1.96, that we're 1.96 standard deviations from the mean. So a little division will give us the standard deviation. Which is:
400 / 1.96 = 204.0816327
So the standard deviation of the light bulbs is 204</span>
The equation would be 6 times x+5=16. This would be kinda Impossible. But a really close answer is 1.833