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Ivanshal [37]
3 years ago
13

The cell potential of the following electrochemical cell depends on the gold concentration in the cathode half-cell: Pt(s)|H2(g,

1atm)|H+(aq,1.0M)||Au3+(aq,?M)|Au(s). What is the concentration of Au3+ in the solution if Ecell is 1.23 V ?
Chemistry
1 answer:
Masja [62]3 years ago
7 0

<u>Answer:</u> The concentration of Au^{3+} in the solution is 1.87\times 10^{-14}M

<u>Explanation:</u>

The given cell is:

Pt(s)|H_2(g.1atm)|H^+(aq.,1.0M)||Au^{3+}(aq,?M)|Au(s)

Half reactions for the given cell follows:

<u>Oxidation half reaction:</u> H_2(g)\rightarrow 2H^{+}(1.0M)+2e^-;E^o_{H^+/H_2}=0V ( × 3)

<u>Reduction half reaction:</u> Au^{3+}(?M)+3e^-\rightarrow Au(s);E^o_{Au^{3+}/Au}=1.50V ( × 2)

<u>Net reaction:</u> 3H_2(s)+2Au^{3+}(?M)\rightarrow 6H^{+}(1.0M)+2Au(s)

Substance getting oxidized always act as anode and the one getting reduced always act as cathode.

To calculate the E^o_{cell} of the reaction, we use the equation:

E^o_{cell}=E^o_{cathode}-E^o_{anode}

Putting values in above equation, we get:

E^o_{cell}=1.50-0=1.50V

To calculate the concentration of ion for given EMF of the cell, we use the Nernst equation, which is:

E_{cell}=E^o_{cell}-\frac{0.059}{n}\log \frac{[H^{+}]^6}{[Au^{3+}]^2}

where,

E_{cell} = electrode potential of the cell = 1.23 V

E^o_{cell} = standard electrode potential of the cell = +1.50 V

n = number of electrons exchanged = 6

[Au^{3+}]=?M

[H^{+}]=1.0M

Putting values in above equation, we get:

1.23=1.50-\frac{0.059}{6}\times \log(\frac{(1.0)^6}{[Au^{3+}]^2})

[Au^{3+}]=1.87\times 10^{-14}M

Hence, the concentration of Au^{3+} in the solution is 1.87\times 10^{-14}M

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