What is the relationship between the atomic numbers and ionic radii of the elements in the group 7a
1 answer:
Answer:
The ionic radii increase as the atomic numbers increase.
Explanation:
As we go down a Group, we are adding one more electron shell to the ion.
Each successive shell is bigger than the one before it, so the ionic radius should increase with increasing atomic number.
Here is a table of the ionic radii of the X⁻ ions.
<u>Element </u> <u> Z </u> <u> </u><u>r/pm </u>
F 9 133
Cl 17 181
Br 35 196
I 53 220
At 85 227
However, the relation between r and Z is not linear (see graph).
All we can say is the ionic radius increases as the atomic number increases.
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Answer:
See explanation below
Explanation:
The question is incomplete. However in picture 1, you have the starting materials and the structure of the product, which you miss in this part.
Now, in picture 2, you have the starting reactant and the product, and the mechanism that is taking place here.
First, all what we have here is an acid base reaction. In the first step, we are using the acid medium to convert the reactant into an alcohol. The bromine there, is not leaving the molecule yet, because it's neccesary for the next step. The starting reactant is an alkene, in that way, we can convert the reactant in the first step into a secondary alcohol. In other words, the first reaction is a alkene hydration.
In the second step, we use a strong base. You may say this is a strong nucleophile and will do a Sn2 reaction to form another alcohol there, but it's not the case, because, before any kind of reaction happens, the priority here is always the acid base, so the base will react with the acidic hydrogen. In this case, it will substract an hydrogen from the OH. When this happens, the lone pair will do an auto condensation here, and attacks the bromine in the molecule. In this way, the molecule will become a cyclomolecule, and that way it form the final product.
See picture 2, for mechanism
