Fossils are formed in different ways, but most are formed when a plant or animal dies in a watery environment and is buried in mud and silt. Soft tissues quickly decompose leaving the hard bones or shells behind
A picture. hope this helps at least a little.
You missed a lot of details in your question, so when we have the complete question as the attached picture so, the answer would be:
when we have the value of Ka = 1.8 x 10^-5 so, we can use it to get the Pka value
by using this formula:
Pka = -㏒Ka
= -㏒(1.8 x 10^-5)
= 4.7
now, after we have got the Pka we need now to get moles of NaC2H3O2 and
moles of HC2H3O2:
when moles of NaOH = 0.015 moles
when moles NaC2H3O2 after adding NaOH
= initial mol NaC2H3O2 + mol NaOH
∴moles NaC2H3O2 = 0.1 + 0.015 = 0.115 moles
and moles HC2H3O2 after adding NaOH
= initial mol HC2H3O2 - mol NaOH
∴ moles HC2H3O2 = 0.1 - 0.015 = 0.085 moles
so, when we have moles [HC2H3O2] &[NaC2H3O2] so we can substitution its values in [A] &[HA] :
by using H-H equation we can get the PH:
when PH = Pka + ㏒[A]/[HA] PH = 4.7 + ㏒0.115/0.085
= 4.8
As you go down a group, the atoms get bigger. The bigger the atom, the more unstable it is. The more unstable it is, the more reactive the atom will be. So, as you go down a group, the nonmetals will become more reactive.
though alchemists were often superstitious, they left a rich legacy of modern chemists. what was their main contribution-
Explanation:
they were the first to preform experiments.