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Eduardwww [97]
2 years ago
15

At 298 K, what is the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) for the following reaction?

Chemistry
1 answer:
9966 [12]2 years ago
7 0

Answer:

(a). The Gibbs free energy change is 2.895 kJ and its positive.

(b). The Gibbs free energy change is 34.59 J/mole

(c). The pressure is 14924 atm.

(d). The Gibbs free energy of diamond relative to graphite is 4912 J.

Explanation:

Given that,

Temperature = 298 K

Suppose, density of graphite is 2.25 g/cm³ and density of diamond is 3.51 g/cm³.

\Delta H\ for\ diamond = 1.897 kJ/mol

\Delta H\ for\ graphite = 0 kJ/mol

\Delta S\ for\ diamond = 2.38 J/(K mol)

\Delta S\ for\ graphite = 5.73 J/(K mol)

(a) We need to calculate the value of \Delta G for diamond

Using formula of Gibbs free energy change

\Delta G=\Delta H-T\Delta S

Put the value into the formula

\Delta G= (1897-0)-298\times(2.38-5.73)

\Delta G=2895.3

\Delta G=2.895\ kJ

The Gibbs free energy  change is positive.

(b). When it is compressed isothermally from 1 atm to 1000 atm

We need to calculate the change of Gibbs free energy of diamond

Using formula of gibbs free energy

\Delta S=V\times\Delta P

\Delta S=\dfrac{m}{\rho}\times\Delta P

Put the value into the formula

\Delta S=\dfrac{12\times10^{-6}}{3.51}\times999\times10130

\Delta S=34.59\ J/mole

(c). Assuming that graphite and diamond are incompressible

We need to calculate the pressure

Using formula of Gibbs free energy

\beta= \Delta G_{g}+\Delta G+\Delta G_{d}

\beta=V(-\Delta P_{g})+\Delta G+V\Delta P_{d}

\beta=\Delta P(V_{d}-V_{g})+\Delta G

Put the value into the formula

0=\Delta P(\dfrac{12\times10^{-6}}{3.51}-\dfrac{12\times10^{-6}}{2.25})\times10130+2895.3

0=-0.0194\Delta P+2895.3

\Delta P=\dfrac{2895.3}{0.0194}

\Delta P=14924\ atm

(d). Here, C_{p}=0

So, The value of \Delta H and \Delta S at 900 k will be equal at 298 K

We need to calculate the Gibbs free energy of diamond relative to graphite

Using formula of Gibbs free energy

\Delta G=\Delta H-T\Delta S

Put the value into the formula

\Delta G=(1897-0)-900\times(2.38-5.73)

\Delta G=4912\ J

Hence, (a). The Gibbs free energy change is 2.895 kJ and its positive.

(b). The Gibbs free energy change is 34.59 J/mole

(c). The pressure is 14924 atm.

(d). The Gibbs free energy of diamond relative to graphite is 4912 J.

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