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sdas [7]
3 years ago
13

A volume of 5.0 L of gas at a temperature of 25°C is cooled to a temperature of -120°C at constant pressure. What is the new vol

ume of the gas?
Chemistry
1 answer:
lorasvet [3.4K]3 years ago
5 0
V1 = 5L = 5000ml V2 = ?
T1 = 25°C = 25+273 T2 = -120°C
= 297K = -120+273
= 153K
By Charles Law,
V1/T1 = V2/T2
5000/297 = V2/153
By solving,
V2 = 2.576L
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Explanation:

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Compare the movement and arrangement of the molecules in solid nitrogen to those in nitrogen gas.
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Answer the following questions about the solubility of AgCl(s). The value of Ksp for AgCl(s) is 1.8 × 10−10.
Firlakuza [10]

Answer:

  • [Ag⁺] = 1.3 × 10⁻⁵M
  • s = 3.3 × 10⁻¹⁰ M
  • Because the common ion effect.

Explanation:

<u></u>

<u>1. Value of [Ag⁺]  in a saturated solution of AgCl in distilled water.</u>

The value of [Ag⁺]  in a saturated solution of AgCl in distilled water is calculated by the dissolution reaction:

  • AgCl(s)    ⇄    Ag⁺ (aq)    +    Cl⁻ (aq)

The ICE (initial, change, equilibrium) table is:

  • AgCl(s)    ⇄    Ag⁺ (aq)    +    Cl⁻ (aq)

I            X                      0                    0

C          -s                      +s                  +s

E         X - s                   s                     s

Since s is very small, X - s is practically equal to X and is a constant, due to which the concentration of the solids do not appear in the Ksp equation.

Thus, the Ksp equation is:

  • Ksp = [Ag⁺] [Cl⁻]
  • Ksp = s × s
  • Ksp = s²

By substitution:

  • 1.8 × 10⁻¹⁰ = s²
  • s = 1.34 × 10⁻⁵M

Rounding to two significant figures:

  • [Ag⁺] = 1.3 × 10⁻⁵M ← answer

<u></u>

<u>2. Molar solubility of AgCl(s) in seawater</u>

Since, the conentration of Cl⁻ in seawater is 0.54 M you must introduce this as the initial concentration in the ECE table.

The new ICE table will be:

  • AgCl(s)    ⇄    Ag⁺ (aq)    +    Cl⁻ (aq)

I            X                      0                  0.54

C          -s                      +s                  +s

E         X - s                   s                     s + 0.54

The new equation for the Ksp equation will be:

  • Ksp = [Ag⁺] [Cl⁻]
  • Ksp = s × ( s + 0.54)
  • Ksp = s² + 0.54s

By substitution:

  • 1.8 × 10⁻¹⁰ = s² + 0.54s
  • s² + 0.54s - 1.8 × 10⁻¹⁰ = 0

Now you must solve a quadratic equation.

Use the quadratic formula:

     

     s=\dfrac{-0.54\pm\sqrt{0.54^2-4(1)(-1.8\times 10^{-10})}}{2(1)}

The positive and valid solution is s = 3.3×10⁻¹⁰ M ← answer

<u>3. Why is AgCl(s) less soluble in seawater than in distilled water.</u>

AgCl(s) is less soluble in seawater than in distilled water because there are some Cl⁻ ions is seawater which shift the equilibrium to the left.

This is known as the common ion effect.

By LeChatelier's principle, you know that an increase in the concentrations of one of the substances that participate in the equilibrium displaces the reaction to the direction that minimizes this efect.

In the case of solubility reactions, this is known as the common ion effect: when the solution contains one of the ions that is formed by the solid reactant, the reaction will proceed in less proportion, i.e. less reactant can be dissolved.

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2 years ago
In a closed system containing three different gases as shown, X2 + Y2 2XY. Choose the TWO things that MUST happen as the volume
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Answer:

3) The relative concentrations of each gas must remain constant.

4)The concentration of each gas will not change.

Explanation:

  • For the equilibrium system:

<em>X₂ + Y₂ ⇄ 2XY,</em>

The no. of moles of gases in each side is constant; there is 2 moles of gases at reactants side and 2 moles of gases at products side.

So, changing the volume will not affect on the equilibrium system.

<em>So, the right choice is:</em>

3) The relative concentrations of each gas must remain constant.

4)The concentration of each gas will not change.

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3 years ago
Mixing salt with water is an example of a _________change. *<br> physical change<br> chemical change
SIZIF [17.4K]

Answer:

physical

Explanation:

no chemical reaction is happening

6 0
3 years ago
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