Not all Earthquakes are shallow, but the most powerful are. This is because at depth, where the rock is hotter, the rocks can more easily pass each other and dissipate pressure by ductile flow.
<span>At shallower depths, where the rock is cool, are plates try to pass each other, they are rigid and so fracture or release pressure elastically in a single event. This is an Earthquake.</span>
Answer:
Viscosity - resistance to flow.
Magma has a higher viscosity if it has a lower temperature, is rich in silica, and contains a high abundance of dissolved gases.
Explanation:
Viscosity is referred to as a fluid's (liquid or gas) opposition or resistance to flow or change in shape. This resistance to motion or flow is caused by the internal friction between the molecules in the fluid. Viscosity denotes the thickness of the fluid. With increasing temperature, the viscosity decreases (thins) while with decreasing temperature, the viscosity increases (thickens).
Magma is a mixture of molten or liquid rock, crystals, dissolved gases, etc formed deep inside the earth and it causes volcanic eruptions when expelled onto the Earth's surface. The chemical composition of magma mostly contains silica, SiO2 (50 to 75% ) and iron, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and calcium form the rest. The magma contains dissolved gases and they give magmas their explosive behavior. The gas composition in magma consists of mostly water vapor and some carbon dioxide and traces of fluorine, sulfur and chlorine gases.
The viscosity of magma depends on the temperature, the composition of the magma and the amount of dissolved gases. As the SiO2 concentration in the magma increases, the viscosity also increases. The presence of a high amount of dissolved gases in magma also increases its viscosity. As the temperature of the magma increases, the viscosity decreases.
The rhyolitic type magma has a higher viscosity than the basaltic type magma and the andesitic type magma as it has a low temperature, rich in silica and contains a high abundance of dissolved gases.
The frequency of the signal is
Explanation:
The relationship between wavelength, speed and frequency of an electromagnetic wave is
where
is the speed of light
f is the frequency of the wave
is the wavelength
For the radio wave in this problem,
is the wavelength
So we can rewrite the equation to find the frequency:
Learn more about waves, frequency and wavelength:
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