Not sure what you're referring to... our atmosphere is mostly nitrogen/oxygen - both gases were created by very massive stars, many times greater than our sun - our sun isn't massive enough to create the gases needed for our atmosphere...
Answer:
providing energy to an atom can allow the electron in its non valence shell to obtain energy and move to a higher energy orbital and act as a valence electron.
Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:
Electric flux is defined as the flow of electric field intensity through a given surface.
Mathematically:

where:
E = electric field
A = area
θ = angle between the area vector and the electric field
Electric flux through the surface of a sphere will be uniform throughout the surface area due to a charge at the center of the sphere. The distance of the surface from the center is always at a constant distance of radius of the sphere.
Electric flux through the surface of a cube will be varying as the surface area is at a varying distance from the center of the cube. The distance of the surface from the center is not at a uniform distance from the center of the cube and so the projection of solid angle changes.
An example of the use of expansion of materials when they are heated is in
Thermometers. Thermometer is an instrument which is used to measure the
temperature of a place.
It contains mercury which expands as temperature increases. This is used
to accurately determine the temperature of an object.
The disadvantage of expansion of materials when they are heated can be
seen in roads as there is expansion of the surface as a result of heat
exposure leads to roads being rough thereby incurring more costs for
repairs.
Read more about Heat expansion on brainly.com/question/1166774
Navigation is the art of measuring distances in order to be able to get from one place to another