Okazaki fragments are the discontinuous segments of the lagging strand.
Okazaki fragments are located on the template strand which dictates the newly synthesized DNA away from the direction of the movement of replication fork. It is the building block for DNA synthesis of the lagging strand and on one template strand, the DNA polymerase synthesizes the new DNA in the opposite direction that is away from the replication fork movement.
The binding of sugars are called glycosidic bonds. These bonds are covalent bonds which, by definition, surround the anomeric carbon of a monosaccharide. Contrary to popular belief, the glycosidic bond does not necessarily have to be between two monosaccharides, just think about what happens in nucleotides, for example, where ribose establishes a glycosidic bond with the nitrogen base. Of course, it can also involve two monosaccharides, as is the case with bonds in oligosaccharides or polysaccharides, but this is not required to happen.
When a glycosidic bond is established, a water molecule is released and is therefore a condensation reaction. The oxygen atom and one hydrogen are released from the anomeric carbon, while the second hydrogen atom is released from the atom to which the anomeric carbon will bind.
Glycosidic bonds are also called alpha or beta bonds. This nomenclature depends on the configuration of the anomeric carbon involved in the glycosidic bond. That is, if the anomeric carbon is in the alpha configuration, the bond is of the alpha type, if it is in the beta configuration, the bond is of the beta type.
For greater understanding, please note the image below.
Answer:
This question lacks proper arrangements but one can understand and chip in the appropriate terms. The terms missing there in order, which answers the question are:
Nucleus
Transcription
RNA polymerase
mRNA
Ribosome
Explanation:
The cellular process being described in this question is GENE EXPRESSION, which is the expression of the information contained in the genetic material in order to produce useful gene products (proteins). The genetic material (DNA) is stored in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. The first process of this gene expression called TRANSCRIPTION involves the copying of the information contained in the DNA into an RNA molecule.
Transcription is carried out by an enzyme called RNA polymerase, which synthesizes a complementary strand of mRNA from a DNA template. mRNA ia called messenger RNA and it acts as a conveyer/carrier of this information present on its nucleotides out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm, specifically the site of protein synthesis called RIBOSOME.
The RIBOSOME is a cellular organnelle where the other process of gene expression called TRANSLATION will occur.
Push and pull the slinky at the same time that you move it up and down your hand should move in a circle this circular motion wave models an earthquake wave called Rayleigh wave. Hope this helps
