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hammer [34]
3 years ago
7

A student needs to conduct a reaction that combines chemicals a and b to synthesize product ab. if we write this as a chemical e

quation it looks like: a+b→ab if this student combines 100 molecules of a and 100 molecules of b, the student obtains 100 molecules of ab. how many molecules of a would this student need to make 5000 molecules of ab? (assume the student had enough of molecule b to make 5000 molecules of ab.)
Chemistry
1 answer:
balu736 [363]3 years ago
7 0
The concept used here is the Law of Conservation of Mass. Technically, it's more specifically included in the Law of Definite Proportions. According to Dalton's atomic theory, when substances react together, they form a compound that has the same fixed ratio of the individual elements. That is the main reason why we balance, because stoichiometric coefficients are essential to obey the Law.

For the reaction a + b ⇒ ab, this is a combination reaction. For every 1 mole of a and 1 mole of b, 1 mole of product ab is formed. This is the fixed ratio we have to follow: 1:1:1. Now, the next thing to note is the limiting and excess reactant. If initially, there are 2 moles of A and 3 moles of B, the limiting reactant is A and the excess is B. Since the ratio between reactants is 1:1, 3 moles of B requires 3 moles of A. But since only 2 moles are available, reactant A is limited. In this problem, we assume that B is provided in excess. So, we just focus on the amount of the limiting reactant a.

If there are 5,000 molecules of a, we can determine the molecules of ab using the fixed ratio, 1 part a is to 1 part ab. Then, that means that 5,000 molecules of a would yield also 5,000 molecules of ab.                                                                                         
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Answer:

Melting of snow

Evaporation of water from desk

Explanation:

Processes that increase the entropy of the universe are those processes that have an increased disorderliness. We should note that there are three principal states of matter which are the liquid, gas and solid. The gaseous state is the most disorderly while the solid is the least disorderly.

Now. We can see that the cooling of a hot cup of coffee is a process that needs or leads to a loss in temperature which obviously decreases disorderliness of the universe.

The melting of snow however is a process that leads to an increase in the disorderliness of the universe. It entails moving from the solid state to the liquid state. It tends to move to a more disordered state indicating an increase in the entropy of the universe.

The evaporation of water from the desk is quite similar to that above. Hence since we are moving from the liquid to the gaseous state via evaporation, we can state that the entropy of the universe has increased since we have moved from a state with a lesser degree of disorderliness to a state that is more disordered I.e from liquid to gaseous state.

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Answer:

Explanation:

1) ZnBr₂ (aq) + AgNO₃ (aq)

Chemical equation:

 ZnBr₂ (aq) + AgNO₃ (aq)  →Zn(NO₃)₂(aq) + AgBr(s)

Balanced chemical equation:

ZnBr₂ (aq) + 2AgNO₃ (aq)  →Zn(NO₃)₂(aq) + 2AgBr(s)

Ionic equation:

Zn²⁺(aq) + Br₂²⁻ (aq) + 2Ag⁺ (aq)+ 2NO⁻₃ (aq)  → Zn²⁺(aq) +(NO₃)₂²⁻(aq) + 2AgBr(s)

Net ionic equation:

Br₂²⁻ (aq) + 2Ag⁺ (aq)   →    2AgBr(s)

The Zn²⁺((aq) and NO⁻₃ (aq) are spectator ions that's why these are not written in net ionic equation. The AgBr can not be splitted into ions because it is present in solid form.

Spectator ions:

These ions are same in both side of chemical reaction. These ions are cancel out. Their presence can not effect the equilibrium of reaction that's why these ions are omitted in net ionic equation.  

2) Ca(OH)₂ (aq) + Na₂SO₄ (aq)

Chemical equation:

Ca(OH)₂ (aq) + Na₂SO₄ (aq)  →   CaSO₄(s) + NaOH(aq)

Balanced chemical equation:

Ca(OH)₂ (aq) + Na₂SO₄ (aq)  →   CaSO₄(s) + 2NaOH(aq)

Ionic equation:

Ca²⁺(aq)  + OH₂²⁻  (aq) + 2Na⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻ (aq)  →   CaSO₄(s) + 2Na⁺(aq) + 2OH⁻ (aq)

Net ionic equation:

Ca²⁺(aq)   + SO₄²⁻ (aq)  →   CaSO₄(s)

The OH⁻ ((aq)  and Na⁺ (aq) are spectator ions that's why these are not written in net ionic equation. The CaSO₄ can not be splitted into ions because it is present in solid form.

Spectator ions:

These ions are same in both side of chemical reaction. These ions are cancel out. Their presence can not effect the equilibrium of reaction that's why these ions are omitted in net ionic equation.

3) Al(NO₃)₃ (aq) + Na₃PO₄ (aq)

Chemical equation:

 Al(NO₃)₃ (aq) + Na₃PO₄ (aq)   → Al(PO₄)(s) + NaNO₃ (aq)

Balanced chemical equation:

Al(NO₃)₃ (aq) + Na₃PO₄ (aq)   → Al(PO₄)(s) + 3NaNO₃ (aq)

Ionic equation:

Al³⁺(aq) + 3NO⁻₃ (aq) + 3Na⁺(aq) + PO₄³⁻ (aq)   → Al(PO₄)(s) + 3Na⁺(aq) + NO⁻₃ (aq)

Net ionic equation:

Al³⁺(aq) + PO₄³⁻ (aq)   → Al(PO₄)(s)

The Na⁺((aq) and NO⁻₃ (aq) are spectator ions that's why these are not written in net ionic equation. The  Al(PO₄) can not be splitted into ions because it is present in solid form.

Spectator ions:

These ions are same in both side of chemical reaction. These ions are cancel out. Their presence can not effect the equilibrium of reaction that's why these ions are omitted in net ionic equation.  

4) FeSO₄ (aq) + Ba(OH)₂ (aq)

Chemical equation:

FeSO₄ (aq) + Ba(OH)₂ (aq)  → BaSO₄(s) + Fe(OH)₂(aq)

The equation is already balanced.

Ionic equation:

Fe²⁺(aq)  + SO₄²⁻ (aq) + Ba²⁺(aq)  + 2OH⁻ (aq)  → BaSO₄(s) + Fe²⁺(aq)  + 2OH⁻(aq)

Net ionic equation:

SO₄²⁻ (aq) + Ba²⁺(aq) → BaSO₄(s)

The Fe²⁺ (aq) and OH⁻ (aq) are spectator ions that's why these are not written in net ionic equation. The  BaSO₄ can not be splitted into ions because it is present in solid form.

Spectator ions:

These ions are same in both side of chemical reaction. These ions are cancel out. Their presence can not effect the equilibrium of reaction that's why these ions are omitted in net ionic equation.

8 0
2 years ago
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