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Neko [114]
3 years ago
12

Vegetarian diets can provide high levels of antioxidants and a lipid profile that can help prevent coronary disease. However, th

ere can be some associated problems. Blood samples were taken from a large group of volunteer subjects who were vegans (strict vegetarians; no animal products), lacto-vegearians (vegetarians who eat dairy products), or omnivores (individuals with a normal, varied diet including meat). In each case, the volunteers had followed the diet for several years. The blood levels of both homocysteine and methylmalonate were elevated in the vegan group, somewhat lower in the lactovegetarian group, and much lower in the omnivore group.
Choose the best explanation for the elevated blood levels of homocysteine and methylmalonate.A. Vitamin B12 (cobolamin) is missing from the vegan diet and very low in the lactovegetarian diet.B. Vitamin B9 (folic acid) is missing from the vegan diet and very low in the lactovegetarian diet.C. Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is missing from the vegan diet and very low in the lactovegetarian diet.D. Antioxidants in the both the vegan and lactovegetarian diets inhibit the formation of methionine from homocysteine
Chemistry
2 answers:
Arada [10]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

The correct option is: "Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is not found in the vegan diet and is very low in the lacto-vegetarian diet"

Explanation:

Homocysteine is a VERY IMPORTANT type of amino acid, a chemical that the body uses to make proteins. Normally, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and folic acid break down homocysteine and transform it into other substances that the body needs. There should be very little homocysteine left in the bloodstream. If you have high homocysteine levels in your blood, that could be a sign of a vitamin deficiency of the vitamins listed above, a heart condition, or a rare inherited disorder.

snow_tiger [21]3 years ago
4 0

Answer: the correct option is A(Vitamin B12 (cobolamin) is missing from the vegan diet and very low in the lactovegetarian diet).

Explanation:

Vegetarian diet is a type of diet that excludes meat and other animal products like egg and milk. The benefits of vegetarian diet is that it can provide high levels of antioxidants and a lipid profile that can help prevent coronary disease.

It includes the following categories:

- vegans (strict vegetarians; no animal products),

- lacto-vegearians (vegetarians who eat dairy products),

Because they have fed of vegetable for a long period of time, they tend to lack Vitamin B12 which could be gotten from animal products. This leads to increase in homocysteine and methylmalonate due to deficiencies in methionine synthase and methylmalonic acid mutase, respectively. Dairy products provide some vitamin B12 in the lactovegetarian diet.

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A buffer consists of 0.120 M HNO2 and 0.150 M NaNO2 at 25°C. pka of HNO2 is 3.40. a. What is the pH of the buffer? b. What is th
Mashcka [7]

Explanation:

It is known that K_{a} of HNO_{2} = 4.5 \times 10^{-4}.

(a)  Relation between K_{a} and pK_{a} is as follows.

                       pK_{a} = -log (K_{a})

Putting the values into the above formula as follows.

                      pK_{a} = -log (K_{a})

                                    = -log(4.5 \times 10^{-4})

                                     = 3.347

Also, relation between pH and  pK_{a} is as follows.

              pH = pK_{a} + log\frac{[conjugate base]}{[acid]}

                     = 3.347+ log \frac{0.15}{0.12}

                    = 3.44

Therefore, pH of the buffer is 3.44.

(b)   No. of moles of HCl added = Molarity \times volume

                                            = 11.6 M \times 0.001 L

                                             = 0.0116 mol

In the given reaction, NO^{-}_{2} will react with H^{+} to form HNO_{2}

Hence, before the reaction:

No. of moles of NO^{-}_{2} = 0.15 M \times 1.0 L

                                           = 0.15 mol

And, no. of moles of HNO_{2} = 0.12 M \times 1.0 L

                                               = 0.12 mol

On the other hand, after the reaction :  

No. of moles of NO^{-}_{2} = moles present initially - moles added

                                          = (0.15 - 0.0116) mol

                                          = 0.1384 mol

Moles of HNO_{2} = moles present initially + moles added

                               = (0.12 + 0.0116) mol

                                = 0.1316 mol

As, K_{a} = 4.5 \times 10^{-4}

           pK_{a} = -log (K_{a})

                         = -log(4.5 \times 10^{-4})

                         = 3.347

Since, volume is both in numerator and denominator, we can use mol instead of concentration.

As, pH = pK_{a} + log \frac{[conjugate base]}{[acid]}

            = 3.347+ log {0.1384/0.1316}

            = 3.369

            = 3.37 (approx)

Thus, we can conclude that pH after the addition of 1.00 mL of 11.6 M HCl to 1.00 L of the buffer solution is 3.37.

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