Answer:
Waldemar carried the recessive allele.
Explanation:
The carrier is the individual that has the affected allele or mutation but does not express the trait, or might express it in different levels. Although, as the person carries the mutation, she or he might transmit the genetic mutation associated with a disease to the progeny. In general, these diseases are inherited as recessive traits.
So, in the exposed example we know that:
- hemophilia is a sex-linked disorder
- hemophilia is determined by a recessive allele on the X chromosome.
- Irene is a carrier.
- Her husband is not a carrier.
- Her children Waldemar and Henry have hemophilia.
If Irene is a carrier, this means that she is heterozygous and that her genotype is X⁺X⁻ (Being the symbol + the dominant allele, and - the recessive one for that expresses the trait)
The fact that Irene´s husband is not a carrier means that his genotype is X⁺Y
Their boys Waldemar and Henry have hemophilia, so both their genotypes are X⁻Y
The best evidence to prove that Irene was heterozygous for hemophilia is that Alice carried the recessive allele.
- Alice is Irene´s Mother, and she is a carrier as well. Irene´s father, Louis, is not a carrier, so she could have inherited a dominant allele from her father and a recessive allele from her mother, X⁺X⁻, or she could have inherited two dominant alleles from both her parents X⁺X⁺. This is not proof enough of Irene being heterozygous.
- The fact that Alexandra, Irene´s sister, was also a carrier does not say anything about Irene´s genotype, because they could both share the same genotype or not. This is not proof of Irene being heterozygous.
- Frederick (her brother) was hemophilic. He received a recessive allele from Alice, but this does not say anything about Irene´s genotype.
- The fact that Waldemar (her son) was hemophilic, is the best evidence to prove that Irene was heterozygous for hemophilia. Walderman received the Y chromosome from his father and an X chromosome from his mother. The X chromosome that he received from his mother carried the recessive allele for the trait, and this is why he had hemophilia. This means that there is no best evidence for Irene´s genotype than her son´s genotype.
C) make proteins
Amino acids contain nitrogen and amino acids are used to make proteins.
The word extraversion is popularized by Carl Jung and defined it as "an attitude type characterized by concentration of interest on the external object (focuses on the outside world). Contemporary psychologists classified the dimensions of personality into five, which is referred to as the "BIG 5" personality traits. The BIG 5 are broad categories personality traits and though there are significant body of literature supporting this five-factor model personality, researches do not always agree on the exact labels for each. It will be helpful to remember the word OCEAN as an acronym for these "BIG 5" personality traits: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism. Extraversion is one of the "BIG 5" personality traits an is characterized by excitability, sociability, talkativeness, assertiveness and high amount of emotional expressiveness. Extroverts are outgoing and gain energy in social situation. They tend to: enjoy being the center of attention because they get energized when they are around people, like to start conversations, enjoy meeting new people, have a wide social circle of friends and acquaintances because they find it easy to make friends and say things before they think about them. A published journal by Stephanie M. van den Berg, et al., entitled Harmonization of Neuroticism and Extraversion phenotypes across inventories and cohorts in the Genetic Personality Consortium: an application of Item Response Theory (IRT), studied on the heritability of extraversion in twins. The IRT-based scores for Neuroticism and extraversion were heritable, with 48 and 49% respectively, based on the meta-analysis of six twin cohorts with a significant part of the heritability due to non-additive genetic factors. For extraversion particularly, these genetic factors differ across sexes. So whether identical or fraternal, it correlates around 49-50% but will differ only across sexes, that is, whether male or female.
Answer: One way of creating a variation in a population is through genetic replication errors. This will make a new type of alleles. Environmental factors cause variation such as affecting enzyme activity and function. The changes would show in the phenotype of an organism.
Explanation: thus is one way ik for sure another way idk srry
Renewable energy provides reliable power supplies and fuel diversification, which enhance energy security and lower risk of fuel spills while reducing the need for imported fuels. Renewable energy also helps conserve the nation's natural resources.
