Answer:
B
Explanation:
When work is done, energy is transferred between systems, or transformed from one type of energy into another type. Energy shares the same units of measure as work.
Answer:
The main competing reaction when a primary alkyl halide is treated with alcoholic potassium hydroxide is SN2 substitution.
Explanation:
The relative percentage of products of the reaction between an alkyl halide and alcoholic potassium hydroxide generally depends on the structure of the primary alkylhalide. The attacking nucleophile/base in this reaction is the alkoxide ion. Substitution by SN2 mechanism is a major competing reaction in the elimination reaction intended.
A more branched alkyl halide will yield an alkene product due to steric hindrance, similarly, a good nucleophile such as the alkoxide ion may favour SN2 substitution over the intended elimination (E2) reaction.
Both SN2 and E2 are concerted reaction mechanisms. They do not depend on the formation of a carbocation intermediate. Primary alkyl halides generally experience less steric hindrance in the transition state and do not form stable carbocations hence they cannot undergo E1 or SN1 reactions.
SN2 substitution cannot occur in a tertiary alkyl halides because the stability of tertiary carbocations favours the formation of a carbocation intermediate. The formation of this carbocation intermediate will lead to an SN1 or E1 mechanism. SN2 reactions is never observed for a tertiary alkyl halide due to steric crowding of the transition state. Also, with strong bases such as the alkoxide ion, elimination becomes the main reaction of tertiary alkyl halides.
Nitrogen, for example, is a gas that liquefies at about −200° C and freezes around −210° C, whereas bismuth is a solid melting at 271° C and boiling at about 1,560° C.
Net ionic reaction for the solution containing equal concentrations of both HF(aq) and NaF(aq) is as follow:
F⁻(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇄ HF(aq) + OH⁻(aq)
Answer:
Explanation:
Given that,
The dimension of a square chunk of plastic is 5 cm × 5 cm × 5 cm
Mass, m = 200 g
We need to find its density
Density = mass/volume
It will form a cube. It volume = side³
So,
Hence density is 
