Question

The name carbohydrate comes from the fact that many simple sugars have chemical formulae that look like water has simply been added to carbon. (The suffix hydrate from the Greek word hydor ("water") means "compound formed by the addition of water") The actual chemical structure of carbohydrates doesn't look anything like water molecules bonded to carbon atoms. But it is nevertheless possible to chemically extract all the hydrogen and oxygen from many simple carbohydrates as water, leaving only carbon behind. If you search the Internet for "reaction of sulfuric acid and sugar" you will find some impressive videos of this. Suppose you had (200. g) of ordinary table sugar, which chemists call sucrose, and which has the chemical formula C1,H2,0. Calculate the maximum mass of water you could theoretically extract. Be sure your answer has a unit symbol, and round it to the correct number of significant digits?

Answer 1

Answer:

The maximum mass of water produced is  $m__{H_2O}} =116 \ g$

Explanation:

From the question we are told that

    The mass of  sucrose is $m_s = 200 \ g$

    The chemical formula for  sucrose is  $C_{12} H_{22} O_{11}$

The chemical equation for the dissociation of sucrose  is

          $C_{12} H_{22}O_{4} \to 12C + 11H_2O$

The number of moles of  sucrose can be evaluated as

        $n = \frac{m}{Z}$

Where Z is the molar mass of sucrose which has a constant value of

      $Z = 342 \ g/mol$

So  

    $n = \frac{200}{342}$

   $n =0.585$

From the chemical equation one mole of sucrose produces 11 moles of water so  0.585 moles of sucrose will produce x moles of  water

Therefore

          $x = \frac{0.585 * 11}{1}$

         $x = 6.433 \ moles$

Now the mass of water produced is mathematically represented as

         $m__{H_2O}} = x * Z__{H_2O}$

 Where  $Z__{H_2O}$ is the molar mass of water with a constant values of  $Z__{H_2O}} = 18 \ g/mol$

  So  

        $m__{H_2O}} = 6.43* 18$

       $m__{H_2O}} =116 \ g$