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3 years ago

Each of the three known isotopes of hydrogen has blank protons in the nucleus

Chemistry

1 answer:

Vilka [71]3 years ago

4 0

Answer:

They each have one single proton (Z = 1), but differ in the number of their neutrons. Hydrogen has no neutron, deuterium has one, and tritium has two neutrons. The isotopes of hydrogen have, respectively, mass numbers of one, two, and three.

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What is the total number of atoms in the formula Ca(ClO3)2?

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In a titration, 25.0 mL of 0.500 M KHP is titrated to the equivalence point with NaOH. The final solution volume is 53.5 mL. Wha

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a molecule of ozone gas has has three atoms of oxygen . witch of these describes ozone most specifically?

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How many grams of sodium phosphate monobasic would we add to a liter and how many grams of sodium phosphate dibasic would we add

Nostrana [21]

Answer :

The correct answer for Mass of Na₂HPO₄ = 4.457 g and mass of NaH₂PO₄ = 8.23 g

Given : pH = 6.86

Total concentration of Phosphate buffer = 0.1 M

Asked : Mass of Sodium phosphate monobasic (NaH₂PO₄) = ?

Mass of Sodium phosphate dibasic(Na₂HPO₄)= ?

Following steps can be done to find the masses of NaH₂PO₄ and Na₂HPO₄ :

(In phosphate buffer , Na+ ion from NaH₂PO₄ and Na₂HPO₄ acts as spectator ion , so only H₂PO₄⁻ and HPO₄²⁻ will be considered )

Step 1 : To find pka

H₂PO₄⁻ <=> HPO₄²⁻

The above reaction has pka = 7.2 ( from image shown )

Step 2 : Plug values in Hasselbalch- Henderson equation .

Hasselbalch -Henderson equation is to find pH for buffer solution which is as follows :

$pH = pka + log\frac{[A^-]}{[HA]}$

pH = 6.86 pKa = 7.2

$6.86 = 7.2 + log \frac{[HPO_4^2^-]}{[H_2PO_4^-]}$

Subtracting both side by 7.2

$6.86-7.2 = 7.2 -7.2+ log \frac{[HPO_4^2^-]}{[H_2PO_4^-]}$

$-0.34 = log \frac{[HPO_4^2^-]}{[H_2PO_4^-]}$

Removing log

$10^-^0^.^3^4 = \frac{[HPO_4^2^-]}{[H_2PO_4^-]}$

$\frac{[HPO_4^2^-]}{[ H_2PO_4^-]} = 0.457$ ---------------- equation (1)

Step 3 : To find molarity of H₂PO₄⁻ and HPO₄²⁻

Total concentration of buffer = [H₂PO₄⁻] + [HPO₄²⁻] = 0.1 M

Hence, [H₂PO₄⁻ ] + [ HPO₄²⁻ ] = 0.1 M

Assume [H₂PO₄⁻ ] = x

So , [x ] + [ HPO₄²⁻ ] = 0.1 M

[ HPO₄²⁻ ] = 0.1 - x

Step 4 : Plugging value of [H₂PO₄⁻ ] and [ HPO₄²⁻ ]

[H₂PO₄⁻ ] = x

[ HPO₄²⁻ ] = 0.1 - x

Equation (1) = > $\frac{[HPO_4^2^-]}{[ H_2PO_4^-]} = 0.457$

Plug value of [H₂PO₄⁻ ] and [ HPO₄²⁻ ] ( from step 3 ) into equation (1) as :

$\frac{[0.1 - x ]}{[ x]} = 0.457$

Cross multiplying

$0.1 - x = 0.457 x$

Adding x on both side

$0.1 -x + x = 0.457 x + x$

$0.1 = 1.457 x$

Dividing both side by 1.457

$\frac{0.1}{1.457} = \frac{1.457 x }{1.457}$

x = 0.0686 M

Hence , [H₂PO₄⁻ ] = x = 0.0686 M

[ HPO₄²⁻ ] = 0.1 - x

[ HPO₄²⁻ ] = 0.1 - 0.0686

[ HPO₄²⁻ ] = 0.0314 M

Step 5 : To find moles of H₂PO₄⁻ ( NaH₂PO₄) and HPO₄²⁻ (Na₂HPO₄ ) .

Molarity is defined as mole of solute per 1 L volume of solution .

Molarity of NaH₂PO₄ = 0.0686 M or 0.0686 mole per 1 L

Molarity of Na₂HPO₄ = 0.0314 M or 0.0314 mole per 1 L

Since that volume of buffer solution is 1 L , so Molarity = mole

Hence Mole of NaH₂PO₄ = 0.0686 mol

Mole of Na₂HPO₄ = 0.0314 mol

Step 6 : To find mass of Na₂HPO₄ and NaH₂PO₄

Moles of Na₂HPO₄ and NaH₂PO₄ can be converted to their masses using molar mass as follows :

Molar mass of Na₂HPO₄ = $141.96 \frac{g}{mol}$

Molar mass of NaH₂PO₄ = $119.98 \frac{g}{mol}$

$Mass (g) = mole (mol)* molar mass(\frac{g}{mol})$

$Mass of Na_2HPO_4 = 0.0314 mol * 141.96 \frac{g}{mol}$

Mass of Na₂HPO₄ = 4.457 g

$Mass of NaH_2PO_4 = 0.0686 mol * 119.98 \frac{g}{mol}$

Mass of NaH₂PO₄ = 8.23 g

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3 years ago