Answer:
(C) substance B is not involved in the rate-determining step of the mechanism but is involved in subsequent steps.
Explanation:
A. Is incorrect because if the order of the reaction with respect B was one then the rate would increase by the same multiple that B is increased by.
B. If B is reactant then it must be involved in the mechanism of the reaction and in the formation of the product
D. If B was a catalyst then increasing it's amount would affect the rate
E. That is just factually untrue. Effect of reactants on rates can only be found experimentally, not stoichiometrically.
