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GREYUIT [131]
3 years ago
12

An alpha particle (α), which is the same as a helium-4 nucleus, is momentarily at rest in a region of space occupied by an elect

ric field. The particle then begins to move. Find the speed of the alpha particle after it has moved through a potential difference of −3.45×10⁻³ V . The charge and the mass of an alpha particle are α = 3.20×10⁻¹⁹ C and mα = 6.68×10⁻²⁷ kg , respectively.
Physics
1 answer:
beks73 [17]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

Speed of the alpha particle is v=1.8180\times 10^3m/sec      

Explanation:

We have given charge on alpha particle q=3.2\times 10^{-19}C

Mass of the alpha particle m=6.68\times 10^{-27}kg

Potential difference V=-3.45\times 10^{-3}volt

We have to find the speed of the alpha particle

From energy conservation we know that

\frac{1}{2}mv^2=qV

\frac{1}{2}\times 6.68\times 10^{-27}\times v^2=3.2\times 10^{-19}\times 3.45\times 10^{-3}

v=1.8180\times 10^3m/sec

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A careful photographic survey of Jupiter's moon Io by the spacecraft Voyager 1 showed active volcanoes spewing liquid sulfur to
Over [174]

The concept used to solve this problem is that given in the kinematic equations of motion. From theory we know that the change in velocities of a body is equivalent to twice the distance traveled by acceleration, in other words:

v_f^2-v_i^2 = 2ax

Where,

v_{f,i} = Final and initial velocity

a = Acceleration

x = Displacement

For the given case, the displacement is equivalent to the height (x = h) and the acceleration is the same gravitational acceleration (a = g). In turn we do not have initial speed therefore

v_f^2 = 2hg

v_f = \sqrt{2hg}

Our values are given as

h = 70km = 70*10^3m

g = 2m/s^2

Replacing we have that,

v_f = \sqrt{2hg}

v_f = \sqrt{2(70*10^3)(2)}

v_f = 529.15m/s

Therefore the speed with which the liquid sulfur left the volcano is 529.15m/s

6 0
3 years ago
Find the quantity of heat needed
krok68 [10]

Answer:

Approximately 3.99\times 10^{4}\; \rm J (assuming that the melting point of ice is 0\; \rm ^\circ C.)

Explanation:

Convert the unit of mass to kilograms, so as to match the unit of the specific heat capacity of ice and of water.

\begin{aligned}m&= 100\; \rm g \times \frac{1\; \rm kg}{1000\; \rm g} \\ &= 0.100\; \rm kg\end{aligned}

The energy required comes in three parts:

  • Energy required to raise the temperature of that 0.100\; \rm kg of ice from (-10\; \rm ^\circ C) to 0\; \rm ^\circ C (the melting point of ice.)
  • Energy required to turn 0.100\; \rm kg of ice into water while temperature stayed constant.
  • Energy required to raise the temperature of that newly-formed 0.100\; \rm kg of water from 0\; \rm ^\circ C to 10\;\ rm ^\circ C.

The following equation gives the amount of energy Q required to raise the temperature of a sample of mass m and specific heat capacity c by \Delta T:

Q = c \cdot m \cdot \Delta T,

where

  • c is the specific heat capacity of the material,
  • m is the mass of the sample, and
  • \Delta T is the change in the temperature of this sample.

For the first part of energy input, c(\text{ice}) = 2100\; \rm J \cdot kg \cdot K^{-1} whereas m = 0.100\; \rm kg. Calculate the change in the temperature:

\begin{aligned}\Delta T &= T(\text{final}) - T(\text{initial}) \\ &= (0\; \rm ^\circ C) - (-10\; \rm ^\circ C) \\ &= 10\; \rm K\end{aligned}.

Calculate the energy required to achieve that temperature change:

\begin{aligned}Q_1 &= c(\text{ice}) \cdot m(\text{ice}) \cdot \Delta T\\ &= 2100\; \rm J \cdot kg \cdot K^{-1} \\ &\quad\quad \times 0.100\; \rm kg \times 10\; \rm K\\ &= 2.10\times 10^{3}\; \rm J\end{aligned}.

Similarly, for the third part of energy input, c(\text{water}) = 4200\; \rm J \cdot kg \cdot K^{-1} whereas m = 0.100\; \rm kg. Calculate the change in the temperature:

\begin{aligned}\Delta T &= T(\text{final}) - T(\text{initial}) \\ &= (10\; \rm ^\circ C) - (0\; \rm ^\circ C) \\ &= 10\; \rm K\end{aligned}.

Calculate the energy required to achieve that temperature change:

\begin{aligned}Q_3&= c(\text{water}) \cdot m(\text{water}) \cdot \Delta T\\ &= 4200\; \rm J \cdot kg \cdot K^{-1} \\ &\quad\quad \times 0.100\; \rm kg \times 10\; \rm K\\ &= 4.20\times 10^{3}\; \rm J\end{aligned}.

The second part of energy input requires a different equation. The energy Q required to melt a sample of mass m and latent heat of fusion L_\text{f} is:

Q = m \cdot L_\text{f}.

Apply this equation to find the size of the second part of energy input:

\begin{aligned}Q_2&= m \cdot L_\text{f}\\&= 0.100\; \rm kg \times 3.36\times 10^{5}\; \rm J\cdot kg^{-1} \\ &= 3.36\times 10^{4}\; \rm J\end{aligned}.

Find the sum of these three parts of energy:

\begin{aligned}Q &= Q_1 + Q_2 + Q_3 = 3.99\times 10^{4}\; \rm J\end{aligned}.

3 0
2 years ago
Ntally Check for Understanding
Wewaii [24]

Answer: 34

Explanation:

34

3 0
2 years ago
Why is the crank on a meat grinder larger than the crank on a pencil
MArishka [77]
It takes more work to use a meat grinder
4 0
2 years ago
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A 15 kg bucket of water is suspended by a very light ropewrapped around a solid uniform cylinder 0.300 m in diamter withmass 12.
matrenka [14]

Answer:

Part a)

T = 42 N

Part b)

v_f = 11.8 m/s

Part c)

t = 1.7 s

Part d)

F = 159.7 N

Explanation:

Part a)

While bucket is falling downwards we have force equation of the bucket given as

mg - T = ma

for uniform cylinder we will have

TR = I\alpha

so we have

T = \frac{1}{2}MR^2(\frac{a}{R^2})

T = \frac{1}{2}Ma

now we have

mg = (\frac{M}{2} + m)a

a = \frac{mg}{(\frac{M}{2} + m)}

a = \frac{15 \times 9.81}{(6 + 15)}

a = 7 m/s^2

now we have

T = \frac{12 \times 7}{2}

T = 42 N

Part b)

speed of the bucket can be found using kinematics

so we have

v_f^2 - v_i^2 = 2 a d

v_f^2 - 0 = 2(7)(10)

v_f = 11.8 m/s

Part c)

now in order to find the time of fall we can use another equation

v_f - v_i = at

11.8 - 0 = 7 t

t = 1.7 s

Part d)

as we know that cylinder is at rest and not moving downwards

so here we can use force balance

F = T + Mg

F = 42 + (12 \times 9.81)

F = 159.7 N

5 0
3 years ago
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