If the concentration of acetyl chloride is increased ten times the rate of reaction is increased ten times.
The conversion of acetyl chloride to methyl acetate is a substitution reaction. Recall that a substitution reaction is one in which a moiety in a molecule is replaced by another.
In this reaction, the CH3O- ion replaces the chloride ion. In the first step, the CH3O- ion attacks the substrate in a slow step. This creates a tetrahedral intermediate. Loss of the chloride ion yields the methyl acetate product.
The rate determining step is the formation of the tetrahedral intermediate. Since the reaction is first order in the acetyl chloride, if its concentration is increased ten times the rate of reaction is increased ten times.
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