The reason responsible for the variation in atomic radii in group 3A,4A,5A,6A is increasing size of the nuclear charge.
As we move across the period in the periodic table, the size of the nuclear charge is increased because more protons are added but there is no increase in the number of shells.
As such, the outermost electrons experience greater attraction for the nucleus from left to right across the period.
This increased attraction causes the atoms to become smaller across the period.
Hence, across the period, the atomic radii of elements in groups 3A,4A,5A,6A decreases steadily.
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Answer:
photons
Explanation:
The energy of a photon is given by
where
is the Planck constant
is the speed of light
is the photon wavelength
Here we have
So, the energy of 1 of these infrared photons is
The amount of energy needed to increase the temperature of the cup of water is:
where
m = 175 g is the mass
is the specific heat capacity
is the increase in temperature
So,
Therefore, the number of photons needed is:
The mass per volume of a substance is called its density.
Answer:
Explanation:
4HCl + O₂ ⇌ 2Cl₂ + 2H₂O
E/mol·L⁻¹: 0.80 0.20 3.0 3.0
![K_{\text{eq}} = \dfrac{\text{[Cl$_{2}$]$^{2}$[H$_{2}$O]$^{2}$}}{\text{[HCl]$^{4}$[O$_{2}$]}} = \dfrac{3.0^{2}\times3.0^{2}}{0.80^{4}\times 0.20} = \mathbf{990}\\\\\text{The $K_{\text{eq}}$ value is $\large \boxed{\mathbf{990}}$}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=K_%7B%5Ctext%7Beq%7D%7D%20%3D%20%5Cdfrac%7B%5Ctext%7B%5BCl%24_%7B2%7D%24%5D%24%5E%7B2%7D%24%5BH%24_%7B2%7D%24O%5D%24%5E%7B2%7D%24%7D%7D%7B%5Ctext%7B%5BHCl%5D%24%5E%7B4%7D%24%5BO%24_%7B2%7D%24%5D%7D%7D%20%3D%20%5Cdfrac%7B3.0%5E%7B2%7D%5Ctimes3.0%5E%7B2%7D%7D%7B0.80%5E%7B4%7D%5Ctimes%200.20%7D%20%3D%20%5Cmathbf%7B990%7D%5C%5C%5C%5C%5Ctext%7BThe%20%24K_%7B%5Ctext%7Beq%7D%7D%24%20value%20is%20%24%5Clarge%20%5Cboxed%7B%5Cmathbf%7B990%7D%7D%24%7D)
Answer: There are various indicators like litmus paper, phenolphthalein, universal indicator etc. that changes its colour to show the difference between acid and alkali.
