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Gre4nikov [31]
3 years ago
15

Calculate the concentration of all ions present in each of the following solutions of strong electrolytes.

Chemistry
1 answer:
MAVERICK [17]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

a. Ca2+  1M ; NO3-  2M

b. Na+  4M ;  SO4-2  2M

c.  NH4+ , Cl-  0,186M  

d. K+ 0,056M ; PO4-3 0,0188 M

Explanation:

Here are the ionization equations

Ca(NO3)2 ----> Ca2+  +  2NO3-

Na2SO4 ------> 2Na+   +  SO4-2

NH4Cl ------> NH4+  +  Cl-

K3PO4 -----> 3K+   +   PO4-3

Concentrations must be in Molarity (moles/L)

Ca(NO3)2 0,1 mole in 100mL

100mL = 0,1 L

Molarity Ca(NO3)2  1M  (0,1 /0,1)

Ca(NO3)2 ----> Ca2+  +  2NO3-

1 M                      1M            2M

Na2SO4 2,5 moles in 1,25L

Molarity Na2SO4 2,5 moles /1,25L = 2M

Na2SO4 ------> 2Na+   +  SO4-2

2M                     4M             2M

5.00 g of NH4Cl in 500mL

We have to resort to the molar mass

Let's make the rule of three

500mL ______ 5g

1000mL _____ (1000mL . 5g) / 500mL = 10 g

(These are the grams in 1L, so with the molar mass, we get the moles)

Mass / Molar mass = moles --> 10g / 53,5 g/m = 0.186 moles

NH4Cl ------> NH4+  +  Cl-

0,186 M      0,186M  +  0,186M

1.00 g K3PO4 in 250.0 mL

(The same as before)

250 mL ________1 g

1000 mL _______ (1000 mL . 1 g) /250mL = 4 g

These are the grams in 1L, so with the molar mass, we get the moles

Mass / Molar mass = moles -->  4g /212,26 g/m = 0,0188 moles

K3PO4 -----> 3K+   +   PO4-3

0,0188 M      0,056M   +  0,0188 M

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Explanation:

(a) write a balanced equation for the reaction

CaCO3 + HCl --> CaCl2 + H2O + CO2

The balanced equation is given as;

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(b) when the reaction was complete, 800 mL of carbon dioxide gas was collected. How many moles of calcium carbonate were used in the creation?

From the balanced reaction;

1 mol of CaCO3 reacts to produce 1 mol of CO2

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This means;

1 mol of CaCO3 reacts to produce 22.4L  of CO2

x mol would produce 800ml (0.8 L) of CO2

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(c) How many grams of CaCO3 were used?

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(d) If there was another contaminant in the sample that was not un reactive, would this have caused the percent yield of carbon dioxide to be higher, lower, or the same, explain your answer.

The same

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