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3 years ago

Calculate the concentration of all ions present in each of the following solutions of strong electrolytes.

Chemistry

1 answer:

MAVERICK [17]3 years ago

7 0

Answer:

a. Ca2+ 1M ; NO3- 2M

b. Na+ 4M ; SO4-2 2M

c. NH4+ , Cl- 0,186M

d. K+ 0,056M ; PO4-3 0,0188 M

Explanation:

Here are the ionization equations

Ca(NO3)2 ----> Ca2+ + 2NO3-

Na2SO4 ------> 2Na+ + SO4-2

NH4Cl ------> NH4+ + Cl-

K3PO4 -----> 3K+ + PO4-3

Concentrations must be in Molarity (moles/L)

Ca(NO3)2 0,1 mole in 100mL

100mL = 0,1 L

Molarity Ca(NO3)2 1M (0,1 /0,1)

Ca(NO3)2 ----> Ca2+ + 2NO3-

1 M 1M 2M

Na2SO4 2,5 moles in 1,25L

Molarity Na2SO4 2,5 moles /1,25L = 2M

Na2SO4 ------> 2Na+ + SO4-2

2M 4M 2M

5.00 g of NH4Cl in 500mL

We have to resort to the molar mass

Let's make the rule of three

500mL ______ 5g

1000mL _____ (1000mL . 5g) / 500mL = 10 g

(These are the grams in 1L, so with the molar mass, we get the moles)

Mass / Molar mass = moles --> 10g / 53,5 g/m = 0.186 moles

NH4Cl ------> NH4+ + Cl-

0,186 M 0,186M + 0,186M

1.00 g K3PO4 in 250.0 mL

(The same as before)

250 mL ________1 g

1000 mL _______ (1000 mL . 1 g) /250mL = 4 g

These are the grams in 1L, so with the molar mass, we get the moles

Mass / Molar mass = moles --> 4g /212,26 g/m = 0,0188 moles

K3PO4 -----> 3K+ + PO4-3

0,0188 M 0,056M + 0,0188 M

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How many grams of precipitate will be formed when 20.5 mL of 0.800 M

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Answer:

There will be formed 1.84 grams of precipitate (NaNO3)

Explanation:

Step 1: The balanced equation

CO(NO3)2 (aq) + 2 NaOH (aq) → CO(OH)2 (s) + 2 NaNO3 (aq)

Step 2: Data given

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Volume of 0.800 M NaOH = 27.0 mL = 0.027 L

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Step 3: Calculate moles of CO(NO3)2

Moles CO(NO3)2 = Molarity * volume

Moles CO(NO3)2 = 0.800 M * 0.0205

Moles CO(NO3)2 = 0.0164 moles

Step 4: Calculate moles NaOH

moles of NaOH = 0.800 M * 0.027 L

moles NaOH = 0.0216 moles

Step 5: Calculate limiting reactant

For 1 mole CO(NO3)2 consumed, we need 2 moles of NaOH to produce 1 mole of CO(OH)2 and 2 moles of NaNO3

NaOH is the limiting reactant. It will completely be consumed.

CO(NO3)2 is in excess. There willbe 0.0216 / 2 = 0.0108 moles of CO(NO3)2 consumed. There will remain 0.0164 - 0.0108 = 0.0056 moles of CO(OH)2

Step 6: Calculate moles of NaNO3

For 2 moles of NaOH consumed, we have 2 moles of NaNO3

For 0.0216 moles of NaOH, we have 0.0216 moles of NaNO3

Step 7: Calculate mass of NaNO3

mass of NaNO3 = moles of NaNO3 * Molar mass of NaNO3

mass of NaNO3 = 0.0216 moles * 84.99 g/mol = 1.84 grams

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Explanation:

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Answer:

Detail is given below.

Explanation:

Similarities:

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Solid, liquid and gases are made up of ions, atoms and molecules.

They have shape and volume.

Molecules in Liquid and solid are closer to each others.

Liquid and gases can flow very easily.

Liquid and solid both can not compressed very easily.

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Molecule of gases randomly move everywhere and occupy all available space but liquid and solid's molecules are not move as much easier as molecules of gases can.

The density of gases are very low as compared to the liquid and solid.

Gas molecules are at long distance from each other while in liquid and solid they are closer to each other.

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Solids have definite volume and shape but liquid and gases acquire the shape of container.

In solids molecules are tightly pack and very close to each other while in liquid molecules are not tightly pack like in case of solid.

The densities of solids are also very high as compared to the liquid and gas.

There are very strong inter molecular forces are present between solid molecules.

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