1) Magnitude of the force:
The magnitude of the electric force on an electric charge is:
where q is the charge and E the electric field. In this problem:
is the charge of the calcium ion
is the magnitude of the electric field
Substituting,
2) Acceleration:
The atomic mass of a calcium ion is approx. 40 a.m.u, this means that its mass is
And so, the acceleration of the ion is given by Newton's second law:
3) Yes
Explanation: a particle with same charge (+e) of the calcium ion could have the same acceleration of the calcium ion if it has exactly the same mass. In fact, the acceleration depends only on two factors: the mass and the force, so it both are the same, than the acceleration does not change.
4) The mass of the particle
In fact, the acceleration of the particle is given by:
where F is the electric force and m the mass. Therefore, if the mass changes ,the acceleration changes as well.