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3 years ago

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Atoms and molecules are constantly in motion. The more kinetic energy atoms or molecules have, the faster they move about. In wh

ich state of matter do the atoms and molecules have the least kinetic energy?
Question 4 options:

In a plasma

In a gas

In a liquid

In a solid

1 answer:

lianna [129]3 years ago

4 0

Answer:solid

Explanation:And a solid the malicules are compact so they can move

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A piston-cylinder device contains Helium gas initially at 150 kPa, 20 o C, and 0.5m 3 . The helium is now compressed in a polytr

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Given

$P_1=150 kPa$

$T_1=20^{\circ}C$

$V_1=0.5 m^3$

$T_2=140^{\circ}C$

$P_2=400 kPa$

R for Helium $R=2.076$

$c_v=3.115 kJ/kg-K$

mass of gas $m=\frac{P_1V_1}{RT_1}$

$m=\frac{150\times 0.5}{2.076\times 293}$

$m=0.123 kg$

Similarly $V_2$ can be found

$\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}$

$V_2=0.264 m^3$

Work done $W=\int_{V_1}^{V_2}PdV$

$W=\frac{P_2V_2-P_1V_1}{n-1}$

$W=\frac{mR(T_2_T_1)}{n-1}$

Since it is a polytropic Process

therefore $PV^n=c$

$P_1V_1^n=P_2V_2^n$

$(\frac{V_1}{V_2})^n=\frac{P_2}{P_1}$

$(\frac{0.5}{0.264})^n=\frac{400}{150}$

$n=\frac{\ln 2.66}{\ln 1.893}$

$n=1.533$

$W=\frac{0.123\times 2.076(140-20)}{1.533-1}$

$W=57.48 kJ$

From Energy balance

$E_{in}-E_{out}=\Delta E_{system}$

Neglecting kinetic and Potential Energy change

$Q_{in}+W_{in}=change\ in\ Internal\ Energy$

Change in Internal Energy $\Delta U=u_2-u_1$

$\Delta U=mc_v(T_2-T_1)$

$\Delta U=0.123\times 3.115(140-20)$

$\Delta U=45.977 kJ$

$Q_{in}+57.48=45.977$

$Q_{in}=-11.50 kJ$

i.e. Heat is being removed

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