Answer:

Explanation:
The inital electrostatic force between the two spheres is given by:

where
is the initial force
k is the Coulomb's constant
q1 and q2 are the charges on the two spheres
r is the distance between the two spheres
The problem tells us that the two spheres are moved from a distance of r=20 cm to a distance of r'=10 cm. So we have

Therefore, the new electrostatic force will be

So the force has increased by a factor 4. By using
, we find

Answer:
227.9MPa
Explanation:
Length of the flaws is given by
2b = 5.8microns
b = 2.9 × 10⁻⁶m
The relation between the radius of curvature and length and width of the elliptical flaw


Equation for stress at the tip of an elliptical surface flaw


The answer is all of the above because an ecosystem is how organisms and their environment interact. Population is animals, niche is and organism, and the habitat is the environment.
Answer:
Gas Bubbles Appear,
Formation of a Precipitate,
Color Change,
Temperature Change,
Production of Light,
Volume Change,
Change in Smell or Taste
Explanation: