Picture of 2010 Todd Abronowitz Gas Laws problems, super fun if you’re in AP chem. Can you help a pre-AP struggling student out
please?
1 answer:
Answer:
1. 0.422 atmospheres
2. 633281.25 Pascals
3. (a) Move up
(b) 868 mmHg
4. 868 mmHg
5. 775 mmHg
6. Partial pressure of He is 0.64 atm.
Partial pressure of oxygen is 1.29 atm.
Partial pressure of N is 2.57 atm.
7. 445.72 torr.
Explanation:
1. To convert 321 torr to atmospheres
1 atmosphere = 760 torr
∴ 1 torr = 1/760 atmospheres
Hence, 321 torr = 321 × 1/760 = 321/760 atmospheres = 0.422 atmospheres
2. To convert 6.25 atmospheres to Pascals, we have;
1 atmosphere = 101325 Pascals
∴ 6.25 atmospheres = 6.25 × 101325 Pascals = 633281.25 Pascals
3. (a) Here we have, given that the value of the pressure on the bottle = 830 mmHg, when the valve is opened, the mercury in the open-end arm will move up because the pressure of the gas inside the flask is more than the pressure on the other side of the open-end arm
(b) After the mercury stops moving the difference between the two columns will be the difference between the two pressures, that is 830 mmHg - 745 mmHg = 85 mmHg
4. From the diagram, it is seen that the differenc beteen the two columns is 123 mm, therefore, the pressure in the flask is 123 mmHg more than the external pressure, hence the pressure of the as in the flask = 745 mmHg + 123 mmHg = 868 mmHg
5. Here we have that the height of the mercury in the open-end is less than the height of the mercury on the arm closer to the flask, therefore, the pressure of the gas in the flask = 825 mmHg - 50 mmHg = 775 mmHg
6. Number of moles of He = 1 mole
Number of moles of oxygen, O = 2 mole
Number of moles of nitrogen, N = 4 mole
From Dalton's law of partial pressure we have that, the total pressure of a given mass of gas is equal to the partial pressure of the individual gases
Hence;
Total number of moles = 1 + 2 + 4 = 7 moles
Mole fraction of He = 1/7
Partial pressure of He = 1/7×4.5 = 0.64 atm.
Mole fraction of oxygen, O = 2/7
Partial pressure of oxygen= 2/7×4.5 = 1.29 atm.
Mole fraction of N = 4/7
Partial pressure of N = 4/7×4.5 = 2.57 atm.
7. From Boyle's law
P₁×V₁ = P₂×V₂
Hence;
P₂ = P₁×V₁/V₂
Where:
P₁ = Initial pressure = 2.57 atm
V₁ = Initial volume =1.57 liters
V₂ = New volume = 6.88 liters
P₂ = New pressure = 2.57×1.57/6.88 = 0.59 atm.
To convert 0.59 atm. to torr, we multiply by 760 thus;
0.59 atm. = 0.59 × 760 torr = 445.72 torr.
You might be interested in
At temperature, a sample of neon gas will occupy
volume.
Further Explanation:
The given problem is based on the concept of Charles’ law. Charles’ law states that “at constant pressure and fixed mass the volume occupied an ideal gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature.”
Mathematically the law can be expressed as,
Or,
Here, <em>V</em> is the volume of the gas, <em>T</em> is Kelvin temperature, and <em>k</em> is proportionality constant.
Given information:
The initial volume of neon gas is .
The final volume of neon gas is .
The initial temperature value is .
To calculate:
The final temperature
Given Condition:
- The pressure is constant.
- Mass of gas is fixed.
Solution:
Step 1: Modify the mathematical expression for Charles’ law for two different temperature and volume values as follows:
Here,
is the initial volume of the gas.
is the final volume of the gas.
is the initial temperature of the gas.
is the final temperature of the gas.
Step 2: Rearrange equation (2) for .
…… (2)
Step 3: Convert the given temperature from degree Celsius to Kelvin.
The conversion factor to convert degree Celsius to Kelvin is,
…… (3)
Substitute for
in equation (3) to convert temperature from degree Celsius to Kelvin.
Step 4: Substitute for
,
for
and
for
in equation (2) and calculate the value of
.
Important note:
- The temperature must be in Kelvin.
- The condition of fixed mass and fixed pressure must be fulfilled in order to apply Charles’ law.
Learn More:
1. Gas laws brainly.com/question/1403211
2. Application of Charles’ law brainly.com/question/7434588
Answer details:
Grade: Senior School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: States of matter
Keywords: neon, volume, occupies, temperature, Kelvin, degree Celsius, Charle’s law, constant pressure, fixed mass, 40.81 m^3 , 50.00 m^3 , 23.5 degree C , celsius , 363 K , sates of matter, initial volume, final volume, initial temperature, final temperature, V1 , V2 , T1 , T2 .
